Quiz Material (Basic Chem Terms) Flashcards
(23 cards)
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up volume
States of Matter
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Solids have…
- Definite shape and volume
- Particles that are close together in a fixed arrangement
- Slow moving particles
- Non compressible
Liquids have…
- Indefinite shape but definite volume
- Same shape as container
- Close together but mobile particles
- Slow moving particles
- Not compressible
Gases have….
- Indefinite shape and volume
- Same shape and volume as container
- Very fast moving particles
- Particles that are far apart
- Compressible
What is an atom?
Smallest particle of an element that has the properties of an element
What is a molecule?
Consists of two or more atoms connected by CHEMICAL BONDS
Law of Conservation of Mass
During a chemical reaction, mass is conserved (mass cannot be gained or lost)
Mixture
More than one component that come together in a variable ratio
Pure substance
Consists of one component only
Heterogenous mixture
Has a nonuniform composition; you can visibly see the separate ingredients
Homogenous mixture
Has a uniform composition; you cannot visibly pinpoint the different components
What’s important to remember about compounds?
A compound is composed of two or more elements that come together in a FIXED RATIO
Mixture is matter that consists of….
- Two or more substances that are PHYSICALLY mixed, not chemically combined
- Substances that can be separated by physical methods
- Two or more substances in different proportions
Physical Properties
- Are observed without changing the identity of a substance
- Include shape, color, density, and melting/boiling points
Physical Changes
-The state if the substance can change but the identity and composition of it cannot change
Name physical properties
- Color
- Odor
- Luster
- Melting Point
- Boiling Point
Name physical changes
- Water boiling or freezing
- Cutting a substance into smaller pieces
- Dissolving a substance like sugar into water
Chemical Properties
Ability of a substance to change into a new substance
Chemical change examples
- Burning
- Rust formation
- Caramelization
- Tarnishing of silver
What is the difference between intensive and extensive properties?
- Intensive properties do not change, regardless of how much of a sample is being observed. For example, silver remains silver in color even if we increase the amount of it.
- Extensive properties depend exclusively on the amount of a substance being examined, such as mass and volume.
What is an exact number?
-A number that is the result of counting objects (no room for error)
An inexact number?
-Number resulting from measurements or observations (some uncertainty present)
