Quiz on pgs 221-233

Question 1

An animal that transmits infection

Answer 1

Vector

Question 2

When pathogens enter the body of a human and grow there

Answer 2

Infection

Question 3

disease spreads rapidly and extensively among a population

Answer 3

Epidemic

Question 4

Hungarian doctor, first physician to real­ize that handwashing prevented the spread of diseases among patients in hospitals

Answer 4

Ignaz Semmelweis

Question 5

(leukocytes) do the work of protecting your body against invaders

Answer 5

White blood cells

Question 6

substance that stimulates your body to develop an acquired immunity to a disease.

Answer 6

vaccine

Question 7

roam through your tissues and body cavities, engulfing and disposing of any bacteria, viruses, and cellular debris they encounter

Answer 7

Phagocytes

Question 8

causes the blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable

Answer 8

Histamine

Question 9

tells nearby uninfected cells to produce antiviral compounds that protect them from be­coming infected by the virus

Answer 9

Interferon

Question 10

Y ­shaped protein molecules that act like molecular homing missiles

Answer 10

Antibodies

Question 11

lymph node groups located in the intestinal wall of the ileum (the lower part of the small intestine). They work to protect that digestive area from pathogens

Answer 11

Peyer’s patches

Question 12

body’s largest lymph organ, about the size of your fist and is located beneath the dia­phragm just behind the stomach

Answer 12

Spleen

Question 13

elevated body temperature

Answer 13

Fever

Question 14

one of the most inconspicuous lym­phatic organs, located between the lungs, above the heart

Answer 14

Thymus

Question 15

enzymes that kill bacteria by destroying their cell walls

Answer 15

Lyso­zymes

Question 16

resistance to a pathogen

Answer 16

Immunity

Question 17

results from circulating antibodies or memory cells

Answer 17

acquired immunity

Question 18

results from factors other than the presence of antibodies and memory cells; some of these factors include heredity, health of the immune system, diet, and exercise

Answer 18

Innate immunity

Question 19

the immune system breaks down

Answer 19

immune deficiency

Question 20

(acquired immune deficiency syndrome) serious disease that affects the immune sys­tem, destroying the body’s ability to fight diseases

Answer 20

AIDS

Question 21

(human immunodeficiency virus) type of RNA makes DNA copies of its genetic material and inserts these copies into a host cell’s DNA

Answer 21

HIV

Question 22

treatment that uses a person’s immune system to eliminate cancer

Answer 22

Immunotherapy

Question 23

can refer to any procedure in which chemical compounds are used to treat a disease

Answer 23

Chemotherapy

Question 24

substances produced by bacteria, molds, and certain other organisms that are effective in stopping the growth of microorganisms

Answer 24

Antibiotics

Question 25

produce antibodies

Answer 25

Lymphocytes

Question 26

originates in the plasma of blood; provides cells with an environment that helps maintain a proper balance of water and electrolyte concentration

Answer 26

tissue fluid

Question 27

works as a drainage and sanitation system for tissue fluid

Answer 27

lymphatic system

Question 28

produce antibodies

Answer 28

Lymphocytes

Question 29

originates in plasma of blood; provides cells with an environment that helps maintain a proper balance of water and electrolyte concentration

Answer 29

tissue fluid

Question 30

collection of extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries

Answer 30

Lymph

Question 31

great lymphatic vessel that empties lymph into one of the subclavian veins

Answer 31

lymph ducts

Question 32

located along the lymph vessel network but are numerous in certain areas (armpits, groin, and neck)

Answer 32

Lymph nodes

Question 33

accumulations of lymph nodes in throat that protect that entrance to the body

Answer 33

Tonsils & adenoids

Question 34

lymphatic system- works as a drainage and sanitation system for tissue fluid