Quiz type questions for test

Question 1

What is the reference range for Calcium?

What is the reference range for Magnesium?

What is the reference range for Phosphorus?

Answer 1

8. 5-10.8 mg/dL.
9. 5-2.2 mEq/L.
10. 6-4.5 mg/dL.

Question 2

What is the main difference between qualitative, quanitative, and semi qualitative data?

Albumin reference range?

Total protein reference range?

Answer 2

Quantitative- #’s. Qualitative- Positive or Negative. Semi- +’s in it.

3.5-5.5 g/dL.

6-8 g/dL.

Question 3

Bilirubin reference range?

AST reference range?

ALT reference range?

Answer 3

0.3-1 mg/dL.

8-42 IU/L

3-30 IU/L

Question 4

Alkaline phosphate reference range?

Sodium reference range?

Chloride reference range?

Answer 4

30-120 IU/L.

136-145 mEq/L.

96-106 mEq/L.

Question 5

Potassium reference range?

Bicarbonate reference range?

BUN reference range?

Answer 5

3.5-5 mEq/L

21-27 mEq in arteries. 24-30 in veins.

8-20 mg/dL

Question 6

Serum creatinine reference range?

Glucose(fasting) reference range?

What are the 4 drug laboratory interferences?

Answer 6

0.5-1.2 mg/dL

70-99 mg/dL

Methadological interference, drug induced end organ damage, direct pharmacological effect, miscellaneous.

Question 7

What does specificity of a test tell you?

What does negativity tell you?

What is the Basic panel look like?

Answer 7

The # of people who don’t have the disease who test negative. When the result is positive helps rule in(SPin)

The # of people who have the disease who test positive. When the result is negative helps rule out(SNout).

Sodium(136-145), Chloride(96-106), BUN(8-20) on top. Potassium(3.5-5), Sodium Bicarb(21-27 in arteries, 24-30 in veins), Scr(0.5-1.2) on bottom. Glucose(70-99) on side.

Question 8

What does the CBC cross look like?

WBC reference range?

Hemaglobin reference range?

Answer 8

Hemaglobin on top, hematocrit on bottom. WBC on left, platelets on right.

4.4-11.3 x10^3.

Male 14-17.5 Female: 12.3-15.3

Question 9

Hematocrit reference range?

Platelets reference range?

Answer 9

42-50 Male, female 36-45.

140-440 x 10^3.

Question 10

What are some causes of leukopenia?

What are come causes of leukocytosis?

What cells are reported in a WBC diff count?

Answer 10

<4.4. Increased age. HIV infection, Anemia, Chemotherapy.

> 11.3. Bacterial infections, surgery, trauma, MI, Corticosteroids.

Segs(45-73%), Band neutrophils(3-5%), Eosinophils(0-4), basophils(0-1), monocytes(2-8), lymphocytes(20-40).

Question 11

Why does left shift happen with WBC?

Difference between neutropenia, severe neutropenia, and agranulocytosis?

What are some causes of neutropenia?

What are some causes of elevated neutrophils?

Answer 11

Shift from mature to immature leukocytes due to acute bacterial or fungal infections.

Neutropenia <1000, Severe <500, agranulocytosis <100.

radiation, severe acute bacterial infection, chemo,captopril, cephalosporins, penicillin, vancomycin.

acute or chronic bacterial infection, trauma, MI, Lithium, corticosteroids, G-CSF.

Question 12

Which granulocyte is lowered in acute infection? Raised? Does leukemia raise all of these?

What causes lymphophenia?

Lymphocytosis?

Answer 12

Eosinophils. Monocytes. Yes.

HIV, Radiation, Corticosteroids, Lymphoma, aplastic anemia.

Infectious mononucleosis, viral infections, pertussis, tuberculosis, syphillis, lymphoma.

Question 13

Is isotonic/hypertonic hyponatremia a true sodium disorder?

Answer 13

NO. Glucose cause Hyper hypo most often, iso hypo caused by pseudohyponatremia.