Race and Health Flashcards
(49 cards)
Social institution
a system of behavioral and relationship patterns that order and structure the behavior of individuals in core areas of society
Racialized institution
an institution where experiences differ based on people’s racial categorization
How does an institution become racialized?
different pathways of entering, navigating, and experiencing the institution
Institutional racism
the practices, both formal and accepted, within and across institutions that reproduce racial inequalities
De jure racism
formal laws that promote racism
De facto racism
accepted social norms that promote racism
Structural racism
public policies, institutional practices, cultural representations, and other norms that work to reinforce and perpetuate racial inequality, often so commonplace that they become status quo
Systemic racism
structural racism + legacy of unequal distribution and how they interact with interpersonal discrimination that exists today
What is different about systemic racism?
places an emphasis on the legacies of discrimination and how they interact with interpersonal discrimination that exists today
Health outcome
some measurement of health, life expectancy, or other indication of physical or mental wellbeing
Health disparity
difference in health outcomes exists between 2 subpopulations in a larger population
Health inequity
a health disparity that is rooted in some unfair, unequal, or otherwise stratifying social process or circumstance
Example of racial health disparity
mortality attributable to heart disease has declined much faster for white Americans than Black; emerged because of access to treatment (not biological difference)
Sociological explanations for health inequities
socioeconomic differences by race, culture, racial discrimination and racism
Are socioeconomic differences by race a reason for health inequities?
not a likely explanation for racial health disparities
Socioeconomic status
anything that establishes differences in access to resources, broadly defined, and anything that contextualizes your engagement with resources
Is “culture” an explanation for health inequities?
it possibly could be a reason
Hispanic Health Paradox
Hispanic immigrants tend to have better health than native born immigrants or people from their home country
Immigrant health selection
immigrants tend to be healthier, on average, than sending and receiving countries, and they tend to return to their host country as their health declines
Acculturation
the process in which immigrants adapt to the new cultural norms
Audits
is there different treatment if the only difference in social interaction is race
Bertrand and Mullainathan study
sent several resumes out to the same jobs w/ only difference being name to reflect different race
What were the results of the Bertrand and Mullainathan study?
white racially coded names were 50% more likely to receive a callback than their Black racially coded named counterparts
Pager study
another job application audit study, racialized name and criminal records
