Rad POS testing

Question 2

What does the term ‘varus’ refer to?

Answer 2

B. turned inward

Question 3

2
Which elbow fat pad is not visibly radiographically in the lateral projection of the normal elbow?

Question 4

3
What could be done to improve the lateral (mediolateral) projection of the knee?

Answer 4

Rotate pelvis slightly back/posteriorly
angle 5 degrees cephalic

Question 5

4
The proximal radius and ulna seen free of superimposition in which of the following projections?
A. AP elbow
B. Lateral elbow
C. Medial oblique elbow
D. Lateral oblique elbow

Answer 5

Lateral oblique elbow
(external)

Question 6

5
An RPO position poorly demonstrates the lumbar zygapophyseal articulations and the pedicles are seen on the posterior portion of the vertebral body. What does this indicate?
A. Excessive rotation
B. Insufficient rotation
C. Pelvic tilt
D. Correct positioning

Answer 6

Excessive rotation
(Too AP (anterior) = under rotation)
(Too lateral (posterior) = over rotated)

Question 7

The term dorsal can refer to which three of the following?
1. Anterior surface of body
2. Back of the hand
3. Upper surface of the foot
4. Front of the hand
5. Posterior surface of the body
6. Lower surface of the foot
A. 1,4,6
B. 2,1,6
C. 2,3,5
D. 1,3,4
E. 3,4,5

Answer 7

C. 2,3,5

Question 8

9
All of the following statements regarding a PA projection of the skull are true, except
A. The OML is perpendicular to the IR
B. The petrous ridges fill the orbits
C. the MSP is parallel to the IR
D. CR is perpendicular to the IR and exits at the nasion

Answer 8

C. The MSP is parallel to the IR
(It’s perpendicular)

Question 9

8
All of the following statements regarding respiratory structures are true except
A. The right lung has two fissures
B. The inferior portion of a lung is its base
C. Each lung is enclosed in pleural membrane
D. The main stem bronchi enter the lung fissure

Answer 9

D.

Question 10

11
a congenital defect in which the sternum is depressed posteriorly is termed:
A pectus carinatum
B pectus excavatum
C flail chest
D atelectasis

Answer 10

pectus excavatum

Question 11

12
which of the following positions is used to demonstrate vertical patellar fractures and the patellofemoral articulation?
A AP knee
B Lateral Knee
C Tangential patella
D Tunnel view

Answer 11

C tangential patella

Question 12

13
structures located in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) include which of the following?
1 cecum
2 vermiform appendix
3 sigmoid

Answer 12

1 & 2

Question 13

15
structures involved in blowout fractures include the:
1. orbital floor
2. inferior rectus muscle
3. zygoma

Answer 13

1 & 2

Question 14

16
which of the following articulations participate in formation of the ankle mortise?
1 talotibial
2 talocalcaneal
3 talofibular

Answer 14

1 & 3
the ankle mortise (ankle joint) is formed by the articulation of the tibia, fibula, and talus. Calcaneus is not a part of the formation of the ankle mortise

Question 15

17
the upper surface of the foot may be described as the:
1 plantar surface
2 anterior surface
3 dorsum

Answer 15

2 & 3

Question 16

18 double-contrast examinations of the stomach or large bowel are performed to better visualize the:
A position of the organ
B size and shape of the organ
C diverticula
D gastric or bowel mucosa

Answer 16

D.
air & barium coating helps best display the interior of the organ (mucosal lining) and the structures behind the organ. A barium filled stomach or large bowel demonstrates the position, size, and shape of the organ and lesion that projects out from its walls such as diverticula. polypoid lesion which project inward from the wall of an organ may go unnoticed unless a double contrast exam is performed.

Question 17

The RPO position (judet method) of the right acetabulum will demonstrate the:
A anterior rim of the right acetabulum
B anterior iliopubic column
C left iliac wing
D posterior rim of the right acetabulum

Answer 17

A
with an external oblique/affected side down the posterior ilioischial column + anterior rim of the acetabulum (right iliac wing) are best shown. internal oblique/ affected side up the anterior iliopubic column /posterior rim of the acetabulum (left obturator foramen) are best shown

Question 17

19
terms used to describe movement include:
1 extension
2 eversion
3 erect

Answer 17

B

Question 17

20
which of the following is best demonstrated in the AP axial projection (Towne method) of the skull, with he CR directed 30 caudad to the orbitomeatal line (OML) and exiting at the foramen magnum?
A occipital bone
B frontal bone
C facial bones
D basal foramina

Answer 17

A
the AP axial projection projects the anterior structures (frontal/facial bones) downward permitting visualization of the occipital bone without superimposition. Dorum sella and posterior clinoid processes should be visualized within the foramen magnum. another achievable positioning for this could be 37 caudad to the IOML

Question 18

23
which of the following projections/positions is used to demonstrate a nearly frontal view of the sternum?
A AP
B PA
C RAO
D LAO

Answer 18

C RAO
In an AP/PA projection the sternum is superimposed over the thorax,. In RPO the heart superimposes the sternum with a homogenous tissue density

Question 19

25
which of the following bones participate in the formation of the knee joint?
1 femur
2 tibia
3 patella

Answer 19

1 & 2
knee joint is called the tibiofemoral joint and is the largest joint in the body. Patella comes to form the patellofemoral joint

Question 20

24
skeletal muscle is:
1 visceral
2 voluntary
3 striated
4 involuntary

Answer 20

3

Question 21

26
how should a chest examination to rule out air-fluid levels be obtained on a patient with traumatic injuries?
A perform the examination in the Trendelenburg position
B erect inspiration and expiration images should be obtained
C include a lateral chest examination performed in a dorsal decubitus position
D perform the examination AP supine at 44-inch SID

Answer 21

C
erect chest images should be obtained whenever possible, however considering the trauma a AP supine image should first be taken and then a lateral with the patient in a dorsal decubitus position (patient supine) with a horizontal beam if we are looking for air-fluid-levels

Question 21

27
In the axiolateral inferiosuperior projection of the hip the IR should be
A 2 inches medial to the ASIS
B Parallel to the central ray
C perpendicular to the femoral neck
D parallel to the femoral neck

Answer 21

D
Danielus-miller method or cross table

Question 21

36 For an AP projection of the knee in a patient whose measurement from ASIS to tabletop is 17cm, which CR direction will be demonstrate the knee joint? A. 3-5 caudad B. 10 caudad C. 3-5 cephalic D. 0 degrees, perpendicular

Answer 21

A. below 19cm is 3-5 caudad 19-24 is average and 0 degrees (perpendicular) above 24cm is 3-5 cephalic (measured using a caliper)

Question 22

30 To better demonstrate the interphalangeal joints of the hand in the oblique position, the radiographer should A oblique the hand no more than 45 degrees B use a support sponge for the phalanges C clench the fist to bring the carpals closer to the IR D use ulnar flexion

Answer 22

B the use of a 45 degree foam will ensure that the fingers will be extended and parallel to the IR, permitting best visualization of the interphalangeal joint and avoid foreshortening of the phalanges. Clenching the fist/ulnar deviation are maneuvers used to demonstrate the scaphoid carpal.

Question 23

31 Traumatic rib fractures resulting in their detachment from the rib cage is termed: A pectus carinatum B pectus excavatum C flail chest D atelectasis

Answer 23

C atelectasis is a partial collapse of the lung, while pectus excavatum is a congenital defect in which the sternum is depressed posteriorly (sunken look). Pectus carinatum is a condition where the sternum projects anteriorly (pigeon breast)

Question 23

33 In the PA axial oblique projection of the cervical spine the CR should be directed: A parallel to C4 B. perpendicular to C4 C. 15 cephalic to C4 D. 15 caudad to C4

Answer 23

D caudad because we are shooting the image PA

Question 24

32 the relationship between the fractured ends of the long bones is called: A angulation B apposition C luxation D sprain

Answer 24

B

Question 25

34 in which of the following projections can small amounts of free air in peritoneal cavity be demonstrated? A. left lateral decubitus B. right lateral decubitus C. AP Trendelenburg D. AP supine

Answer 25

A air fluid levels are best shown in decubitus or erect positions. The left lateral decubitus abdomen best visualizes air within the peritoneal cavity against the liver and away from air in the stomach

Question 26

35 which of the following anatomic structures is seen most anteriorly in a lateral projection of the chest? A. esophagus B. trachea C. Cardiac Apex D. superimposed scapular border

Answer 26

C cardiac apex

Question 27

40 A patient is unable to extend his or her arm is seated at the en f the x-ray table, elbow is flexed 90 degrees. The CR is directed 45 degree medially (toward the shoulder). Which of the following structures will be demonstrated best? 1. radial head 2. capitulum 3. coronoid process

Answer 27

1 & 2 Coyle view 90 degree flexion and 45 toward the shoulder best displays the capitulum and radial head while the elbow flexed 80 degrees and 45 degrees away from the shoulder best displays the coronoid process

Question 28

41 which of the following projections can be used to supplement the traditional "open-mouth" projection when the upper portion of the odontoid process cannot be well demonstrated? A. AP or PA through the foramen magnum B. AP oblique with right and left head rotation C. Horizontal beam lateral D. AP Axial

Answer 28

A. AP projection (Fuchs method) or the PA projection (Judd)

Question 29

43 Narrowing of the upper airway, as seen in pediatric croup can be best visualized in the: A. AP projection B. lateral projection C. Axial projection D. lordotic projection

Answer 29

A. croup is a viral infection that is seen in children 1-3 years of age. it is a dry cough sometimes accompanied by a fever, best shown in an AP projection and lateral soft neck tissue

Question 29

42 The floor of the cranium includes all of the following except: A. the temporal bones B. the occipital bones C. the ethmoid bone D. the sphenoid bone

Answer 29

B the bones that comprise of the floor of the cranium are the two temporal bones, ethmoid, and sphenoid. The calvarium consists of two parietals, frontal, and occipital

Question 30

46 A kyphotic curve is formed by the: 1. sacral