Radiation Risk Flashcards
(36 cards)
Does deterministic risk have a threshold?
Yes
The deterministic risk shows that the ________ is proportional to the dose
severity
What are examples of deterministic risk?
●Erythema
●xerostomia
●cataract
●osteoradionecrosis
●fertility
●fetal development
●alopecia
What is a side-effect of head & neck radiation therapy to treat a malignant neoplasm
erythema
Do stochastic effects have a dose threshold?
No
Stochastic effect shows that the _____________________ is proportional to dose
probability of occurrence
The severity of stochastic effects does or does not depend on dose
DOES NOT
To somatic cells -genetic mutations cause ____________
malignancy
To germ cells - genetic mutations cause _________________
heritable effects
Ionizing Radiation is everywhere in
our environment and examples include…
- Cosmic
- Inhaled Radon
- Nuclear Power
- Electronic Products
- Rocks
- Medical/Dental
- Plants
- Bodies
- Food supply
What is the definition of maximum permissable dose?
That amount of radiation which in the light of present knowledge will not produce any serious, harmful, or deleterious effects on the individual receiving it.
What is the maximum permissible dose for occupational limits?
50 mSv
- 5.0 rem/year
What is the maximum permissible dose for non-occupational limits?
5 mSv
- 0.5 rem/year
What is the dental personnel average level of exposure?
0.2 mSv
What is the maximum permissible dose for pregnant occupational limits?
0.5 mSv (1 month)
5 mSv (9 months)
- 0.5 rem/year
Rate of cellular and organ growth puts tissues at greatest level of ____________________
radiosensitivity
Greater life expectancy puts children at ____ times greater risk of being afflicted with a radiation induced cancer
2-6
What type of patients are more at risk for being afflicted with radiation induced cancer?
pediatric patient
Cancer risks decrease with increasing age because…
children have more years of life during which a potential cancer can be expressed and because growing children are inherently more radiosensitive, since they have a larger proportion of dividing cells
What is the effective dose for a FMX D-speed?
388 µSv
What is the effective dose for a dental x-ray single exposure?
1.5 mrem
What cancers have the highest risk from dental radiographic exposure?
Leukemia and thyroid
Artificial/Manmade radiation sources are around ___%
2%
What are artificial/manmade radiation sources?
- Consumer products
– Televisions, wristwatches, computers - Airport scanners
- Nuclear fuel cycle
- Weapons production
- Fall-out from atomic weapons
