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random bits sheet 2 Flashcards

1
Q

arthrokin of thumb CMC

A

MCP and trapezium:
cave on vex flex/ext (frontal plane movement)
vex on cave ab/add (saggital plane mvmt)

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2
Q

arthrokin of talus

A

talocrural: DF/PF, opposite (vex talus on cave tib/fib)
subtalar: same, cave talus moves on fixed vex calc (pro/sup)

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3
Q

arthro AC joint

A

convex clavicle, concave acromion

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4
Q

SC joint arthro

A

elevation/depression: vex clavice on cave sternum

pro/retraction: cave clavicle, vex sternum

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5
Q

distal RU

A

vex ulna, cave radius

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6
Q

capsular patterns of hip

A

flexor ext , abduction, and IR

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7
Q

ankle pronator

A

fibularis longus

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8
Q

ankle supinator

A

posterior tib

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9
Q

R heart blood flow

A

from body to vena cava, RA, tricuspid, RV, pulm valve (semilunar) to pulm arteries to lungs

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10
Q

L heart BF

A

from lungs to pulm veins to LA through bicuspid V to LV through aotric valve to aorta and to body

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11
Q

S3 sound

A

turbulence, early diastole

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12
Q

S4 sound

A

turbulence, late diastole

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13
Q

Restrictive lung diseases

A 
problems with inhaling
 bc of stiff lungs, cant expand
-pulmonary fibrosis
-ARDS
-atelectysis
-pulmonary edema
-pneumonia
-pneumo/hemothorax
-pleural effusion/fibrosis
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14
Q

FVC decreased, normal FEV1/FVC ratio

A

restrictive

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15
Q

FEV1/FCV <70%

A

obstructive

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16
Q

obstructive lung diseases

A

difficulty exhaling/getting air out

  • COPD
  • emphysema
  • asthma
  • chronic bronchitis
  • bronchiectasis
  • CF
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17
Q

normal paO2, paCO2

A

80-100. 35-45

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18
Q

normal HCO3

A

22-26

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19
Q

normal hematocrit

A

% of RBCs in total blood volume

male: 38.8-46.4%
female: 35.4-44.4%

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20
Q

normal hemoglobin

A

oxygen carrying component of RBC

male: 13.3-16.2
female: 12-15.8

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21
Q

normal platelets

A

165,000-415,000

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22
Q

normal PPT

A

26.3-39.4 seconds

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23
Q

normal RBC

A

male 4.3-5.6 x10^6

female 4.0-5.2 x10^6

24
Q

normal WBC

25
normal LDL, HDL, triglycerides
LDL <100 HDL >40 triglycerides <150
26
normal INR
1.1 or below | 2-3 for people on blood thinners
27
cholinergic response
inc in Ach, increased parasympathetic response
28
anticholinergic response
dec in Ach, increase sympathetic response, bronchodilators
29
alpha adrenergic antagonist agents
dilates arterioles and BV's, decreased BP SE: dizziness, OH, palpitations, drowsiness -zosins
30
ACE inhibitors
decrease BP and afterload, for HTN, CHF SE: hypotension, dizziness, dry cough, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia -a/i/oprils
31
Angiotensin II receptor agonist
blocks AII receptors, decreases vasoconstriction and stimulation of vascular tissue SE: dizziness, back and leg pain, chest pain -sartans
32
Antiarrhythmics Class 1
Na channel blockers, control heart excitation and conduction | -quinidine, lidocaine,
33
Antiarrhythmics Class 2
beta blockers: inhibit sympathetic activity | -olols
34
Antiarrhythmics class 3
Prolong repolarization: inhibits K and Na channels, most effective, amiodarone
35
Antiarrhythmics Class 4
Ca channel blockers: decrease depolarization, slow conduction thru AV node dilatizem
36
anticoagulants
heparin, coumadin, warfarin, lovenox
37
antihyperlipidemic agents
statins: inhibit enzyme action in CHO synthesis, lowers LDL, increases HDL, lowers triglycerides SE: rash, HA, GI upset, myalgia
38
beta blockers
dec HR and contractility, will diminish HR response to ex | -olols
39
Ca channel blockers:
decrease entry of calcium into mm, dec contraction, vasodilation, decd o2 demand of heart SE: dizziness, hypotension, HA, peripheral edema -norvasc, procardia, calan, cardizem
40
diuretics
inc excretion of NA and urine, dec plasma vol and BP SE: dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, hypotension, inc LDL, polyuria, arrhythmias -thiazide: diuril -loop: lasix -K sparing: dyrenium
41
Nitrates
smooth mm relaxation, dilation of peripheral vessels SE: HA, dizziness, OH, reflex tachy, nausea, vomiting nitroglycerine
42
+ inotropic agents
increased F and velocity of heart contraction, decreased HR, decreased HR and conduction velocity through AV node, decreased degree of activation of sympathetic N's SE: arrhythmias, GI distress, dizziness, blurred vision *dont want HR below 60 *prolongs PR interval -digoxin, digitalis
43
thrombolytics
convert plasminogen to plasmin, busts clots SE: hemmorhage, allergic rxn, arrhythmias -urokinase, activase
44
normal ABI
1-1.3
45
normal BMI
18.5-24.9
46
1st degree AV block
PR interval >.2 s, constant, benign
47
2nd degree AV block
impulses btw atria and V's fail intermittently mobitz I: progressive prolongation of PR interval till 1 pulse not conducted mobitz II: more serious, consecutive PR's are same followed by nonconduction of >1 impulse
48
3rd degree AV block
all AV node impulses blocked, none get to ventricles, A&V's paced independently -medical emergency, requires pacemaker
49
Vtach
3 or more PVC's
50
pre HTN
120-139 / 80-89
51
stage I HTN
140-159 / 90-99
52
stage II HTN
>160 / >100
53
1+ pitting edema
barely there
54
2+ pitting edema
slight indent, normal in 15s
55
3+ pitting edema
deep indent, returns <30s
56
4+ pitting edema
>30 s indentation
57
adrenergic response
increase in sympathetic response

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