random bits sheet 3 Flashcards by Emily Clipston

stage 1 pressure ulcer

intact skin

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stage 2 pressure ulcer

partial thickness, shallow ulcer, red/pink wound, could be blister

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stage 3 pressure ulcer

full thickness, can be deep with tunneling or undermining, slough can be present, no exposed mm/bone

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stage 4 pressure ulcer

exposed mm/tendon/bone

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bone density -2.5 to -1 SD below norm

osteopenia

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bone density lower than -2.5 below norm

osteoporosis

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hypothyroid

depression, fatigue, slowed mentation, cold intolerance, dyspnea, bradycardia, anorexia, constipation, weight gain, decreased absorptions of nutrients, infertility, changes in period

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hyper thyroid

weakness, atrophy, tremors, inc DTR, anxiety, tachy, palpitations, increased RR, increased BP, increased appetite, increased peristalsis, nausea, vomiting, diahrrea, dysphagia, polyuria, heat intolerance, hair loss, flushed skin, loss of period

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hypothalamus fxn

ANS regulation

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thyroid

metabolism

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parathyroid

PTH results in reabsorption of Ca and phosphates

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adrenal

medulla: epinephrine and norepinephrine
cortex: corticosteroids

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pancreas

endocrine: blood sugar regulation
alpha cells: glucagon
beta cells: insulin

exocrine: excretes bicarb and digestive enzymes to duodenum

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hypoparathyroid

hypocalcemia, seizures, cognitive defecits, short stature, mm pain, cramps, comprimised breathing, arrhythmias

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hyperparathyroid

renal stones/kidney damage, depression, memory loss, mm wasting, bone deformity, myopathy, osteopenia

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duodenum

neutralizes acid, mixes in secretions from pancreas

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jejunum

absorbs water, electrolytes, nutrients

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ilium

absorbs bile, intrinsic factors for recycling

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large intestine

absorbs H2O, and electrlytes, eliminates waste as poop

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large intestine parts

ascending-transverse-descending-sigmoid

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gall bladder

stores and releases bile into duodenum

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liver

produces bile, RBC, vit K, regulates serum levels of CHO, fats, proteins

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stomach

grinds food, secretes HCl,, hormones that release digestive enzymes from other organs

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Vitamin D food source

milk, fish oil, salmon

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Vitamin A food source

green, orange, yellow vegetables, liver

Vitamin K food source

dark leafy greens, cheese, yolk

Vitamin C food source

citrus, cantelope, tomato

Vitamin B12 food source

meat, eggs

Vitamin E food source

vegetable oil, nuts, fish

Calcium fxn

mm fxn, bone health, coagulation

Chloride fxn

acid-base balance

Magnesium fxn

bones, activates enzymes, regular heart beat

Phosphorus fxn

bones, oxidation of fat and CHO, acid-base balance

Potassium fxn

acid base balance, fluid,

Na fxn

acid/base, n impulses, control mm contractions

Iron fxn

O2 transport, oxidation

Zn fxn

immune fxn

Copper fxn

facilitates Hb synthesis, lipid metabolism

Max BERG score

POMA/tinneti

28 max, has gait components

miniBEST

28 max

HiMAT

high level balance, max 54

DGI

max 24

FIM

1-7 1=total assist 7=independent

FABQ

max 96, high fear

ODI

0-100% disability

functional reach

20-40 14.6 f, 16.7 m 40-70 13.9 f, 14.9 m 70-87 10.5 f, 13.2 m

FGA

max 30

TUG

11-20s = normal for frail elderly | >30 s = bad

good reliability

>.75

R sided CHF

``` por pulmonale, fatigue inc peripheral venous presure ascites enlarged liver and spleen secondary pulmonary problems distended jugular weight gain anorexia and GI probs dependent edema ```

L sided CHF

``` nocturnal dyspnea incd pulm cap wedge pressure cough crackles, wheezes bloody sputum cyanosis tachypnea restlessness confusion exertional dyspnea fatigue ```

VA being compressed with testing

contralat side to head motions

obturator sign

hip IR --> acute appendicitis

Lhermittes sign

slump with electric like shocks - MS | long sit

Kernigs sign

slump in supine, electric like shocks c hip flexion and knee ext - meningeal irritation

Brudzinskis sign

flexing neck causes flexing in knees and hips - meningeal irritation

Head jolt test

moving head side to side 2-3x - meningeal irritation

noble compression

ITB, knee and hip flexion to 90, pressure to lat fem condyle in supine

Elys

rec fem mm length, prone, knee flexion

Stutter

pica condition, weird patella mvmt with knee ext

Obrian

AC joint

components of subtalar pronation

eversion and abd

components of subtalar supination

inversion and add

spondylolisthesis

ant slippage of top vertebrae, bilat pars defecits

boutinnere deformity

button hole appearance, volar slippage of lat bands, flex in middle IP joint, DIP ext, PIP flex

normal Q angle

13deg male, 18deg female i

>Q angle

valgus

< Q angle

varus

Quad:HS torque

~3:2

pes cavus

high arch

pes planus

flat arch

pes valgus

flat foot

gallstones

from bad diet, RUQ pain, R scap pain

pancreatitis

epigastric pain, worse supine, really sick

R scoliosis

R rib hump, R high shoulder, L protruding hip

caused by forceful PROMw ith spasticity, hard end feel

angles for cervical traction of C1-C2

0 degrees flexion

angle for C traction C3-C4

10-20 degrees

C5-C7 traction angle

20-30deg