Random Definitions/Things To Know Flashcards
(23 cards)
4 Firearm Safety Rules
- ALL FIREARMS WILL BE CONSIDERED LOADED AT ALL TIMES
- NEVER POINT A FIREARM AT ANTHING YOU ARE NOT PREPARED TO TERMINATE
- NEVER PLACE THE TRIGGER FINGER ON THE TRIGGER UNTIL ON TARGET AND READY TO FIRE
- ALWAYS BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AND ISOLATE THE TARGET AND ITS SURRONDINUS
IMMINENT THREAT
An impending violent act, harm or resistance likely to occur if not instantly confronted or addressed.
Intent
A state of mind in which a person seeks a particular result through a particular course of action
Deadly Weapon
Any instrument, which by it’s contemplated design or by the manner it is used is readily capable of causing substantial bodily harm or death
Substantial Bodily Injury
An injury that creates a substantial risk of death, cause serious permanent disfigurement, or results in a prolonged loss or impairment of the functioning of any body part.
Seizure
A police interference with an individual’s freedom of movement by means of physical force or show of authority or meaningful interference with an individual’s possessory interest in property
Force Transitions
The movement, progression, or reduction from the application of one force type to another.
The 6 Circumstances Where Officers May Use Reasonable Force
- To protect themselves
- To protect others
- To overcome resistance [to lawful police control]
- To effect a lawful detention
- To conduct a lawful search
- To effect a lawful arrest
Objective Factors That Affect The Reasonableness Of The Force Include:
Graham V. Connor & Additional LVMPD Factors (ITAPE)
Graham V Connor:
1. The severity of the crime(s) at issue;
2. Whether the subject poses an immediate threat to the safety of the officer(s) or others;
3. Whether the subject is actively resisting arrest or attempting to evade arrest by flight;
ITAPE:
4. The influence of drugs/alcohol or the mental capacity of the subject;
5. The time available to an officer to make a decision
6. The availability of officers/resources to de-escalate the situation;
7. The proximity or access of weapons to the subject;
8. The environment factors and/or other exigent circumstances
Elements of Deadly Force: 1. Ability
Ability exists when a person has the means or capability to cause substantial bodily injury or death to an officer or others. Ability may include the subject’s size, age, strength, combative skill, level of aggression, and any weapons in their immediate control.
≈≈≈
Does the subject posses the means or capability to cause substantial bodily harm or death? How? If in the form of a weapon, what type of weapon, exactly?
Elements of Deadly Force 2. Opportunity
OPPORTUNITY EXISTS WHEN A PERSON IS IN A POSITION TO EFFECTIVELY RESIST AN OFFICER’S CONTROL OR TO USE FORCE
OR VIOLENCE UPON THE OFFICER OR OTHERS. EXAMPLES WHICH MAY AFFECT OPPORTUNITY INCLUDE: RELATIVE DISTANCE
TO THE OFFICERS OR OTHERS, AND PHYSICAL BARRIERS BETWEEN THE SUBJECT AND THE OFFICER
≈≈≈
IS THE SUSPECT IN A POSITION WHERE HIS/HER INTENDED RESISTANCE CREATES A LEGITIMATE THREAT TO THE SAFETY OF OFFICERS OR OTHERS?
Elements of Deadly Force 3. Imminent Jeopardy
BASED UPON THE KNOWN FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES THE OFFICER REASONABLY BELIEVES THE SUBSELT POSES AN
IMMINENT THREAT TO THE LIFE OF THE OFFICER(S) OR OTHERS; THE OFFICER MUST ACT IMMEDIATELY TO PREVENT DEATH OR SUBSTANTIAL BODILE INJURY
- - - -
WHAT IS THE OBJECTIVE ACTION THAT THE SUSPECT TOOK WHICH FORCED THE OFFICER TO ACT IMMEDIATELY OR ELSE SUBSTANTIAL BODILY HARM OR DEATH WERE IMMINENTLY
GOING TO OCCUR (OR WAS ACTUALLY OCCURRING) ?
Elements of Deadly Force 4. Preclusion
LESSER ALTERNATIVES HAVE BEEN REASONABLY CONSIDERED AND EXHAUSTED BEFORE THE USE OF DEADLY FORCE, TO INCLUDE DISENGAGEMENT
- - -
WHAT OTHER FORCE OPTIONS WERE USED PRIOR TO THE USE OF DEADLY FORCE? IS THERE ANYTHING ELSE THAT REASONABLY COULD HAVE BEEN USED OR DONE, ASIDE
FROM DEADLY FORCE, AT THE MOMENT THE FORCE WAS APPLIED - TO INCLUDE A TACTICAL WITHDRAWAL AND REASSESSMENT?
Elements of Deadly Force?
- Ability
- Opportunity
- Imminent Jeopardy
- Preclusion
Levels of Resistance
- Compliant
- Obstructive Resistance
- Assaultive Resistance
- Life-Threatening Resistance
Levels of Resistance - 1. Compliant
A person contacted by an officer who acknowledges direction or lawful orders given and offers no resistance
Levels of resistance - 2. Obstruction Resistance
The subject is uncooperative, not complying with an officer’s commands, or their physical actions are intended to prevent an officer from placing the subject in custody or under control; the subject’s actions are not directed at harming the officers or others
Levels of Resistance - 3. Assaultive Resistance
The subject demonstrates annintent to harm the officers, others, or themselves
Levels of resistance - 4. Life-Threatening Resistance
The subject’s actions are likely to result in death or substantial bodily injury to the officers or others
Levels of Control
Broad categories of force options in escalating stages of intensity that are identified as:
1. Low-level force
2. Intermediate force
3. Deadly force
Levels of Control - 1. Low-level force
A level of control that valances against a subject who is compliant or obstructive and is neither likely nor intended to cause injury
Levels of Control - 2. Intermediate Force
A level of control that balances against a subject who is assaultive and has the potential to cause injury or substantial pain
Levels of Control - 3. Deadly force
A degree of force which balances against a subject whose actions are life-threatening and likely to result in death or substantial bodily harm
