Random Final Exam Questions

Question 1

Measles virus is used to protect puppies against canine distemper. This is possible becasue of antigenic similarity of their:

Answer 1

fusion [F] protein

p 186

Question 2

T/F: There is significant cross-protection among the different serotypes of Vesicular Stomatitis

Answer 2

False.

There are 2 serotypes and several subtypes of vesiculovirus. There is no cross-protection among the serotypes

p 168

Question 3

The Coggins test is used in detecting horses with:

Answer 3

equine infectious anemia

p. 160

Question 4

T/F: Adenoviridae virions agglutinate RBCs

Answer 4

True

p 141

Question 5

Which species is known to be resistant to Infectious Canine Hepatitis, but susceptible to Canine Distemper?

Answer 5

Ferrets!

p 143

Question 6

Corneal edema [blue eye] occurs in most cases of Infectious Canine Hepatitis [ICH]

Answer 6

False

Corneal edema occurs in about 20% of natural infections and less than 1% of dogs after vaccination

p 144

Question 7

T/F: Most Infectious Canine Hepatitis infections are asymptomatic

Answer 7

True

p 144

Question 8

Which breed is said to be especially susceptible to Equine Adenovirus Infection? Why?

Answer 8

Arabian Foals

Arabian foals are known to be very susceptible due to their combined T and B cell immunodeficiency

Question 9

Describe the inclusion bodies associated with Retroviruses

Answer 9

There are no inclusion bodies. So you would just be explaining nothing.

What a waste of time.

Question 10

T/F: Endogenous Retroviruses are pathogenic retroviruses that occur widely in the genome of vertebrates

Answer 10

False

Endogenous Retroviruses are non-pathogenic retroviruses that occur widely in the genome of vertebrates

p 148

Question 11

Fading kitten syndrome is associated with viremic queens infected with:

Answer 11

feline leukemia virus

p 156

Question 12

The ELISA test for feline leukemia detects the presence of:

Answer 12

circulating p27 antigen in plasma

p27 protein is the mjor feline leukemia virus [FeLV] group-specific antigen. It is produced within virus infected leukocytes and platelets

p 152, 156

Question 13

Which porcine disease is commonly associated with splenic infarcts and button ulcers in the colon?

Answer 13

Hog cholera

p 226

Question 14

T/F: The disease of Maedi/Visna has been reported in sheep, cattle and swine.

Answer 14

False

Maedi/Visna is a disease of adult sheep and, to some extent, goats.

p 162

Question 15

T/F: Incubation period of rabies is influenced by the distance the virus has to travel from its port of entry to the CNS.

Answer 15

True

p 167

Question 16

T/F: A property of a virus belonging to the family paramyxoviridae is their ability to hemagglutinate RBCs in vitro.

Answer 16

True

p 178

Question 17

T/F: Recovery from feline calicivirus infection is marked by intermittent shedding of virus for a period of time

Answer 17

True

p 240

Question 18

T/F: A virus causing hog cholera can be identified in the lab using hemadsorption-inhibition assay

Answer 18

False

Diagnostic tests include virus isolation, antigen detection (FA or immunoperoxidase staining, ELISA), or serology

p 226

Question 19

T/F: In feline immunodeficiency disease, the virus is shed mainly in saliva and principle mode of transmission is bites

Answer 19

True

p 157

Question 20

T/F: Depopulation, a disease control measure, involves the culling of diseased animals only

Answer 20

False

Depopulation is the elimination of all susceptible hosts (infected, potentially infected, or contact animals) of a herd/flock or area basis

Question 21

T/F: Regarding infectious canine hepatitis, the threshold antibody titer has been determined to be 1:100

Answer 21

False

1:500

Question 22

T/F: Immunosuppression is a common sequela in diseases characterized by leukocytosis

Answer 22

False

Leukocytosis is a transient increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood

Question 23

T/F: Antiretroviral protease inhibitors prevent the transcription of retroviral RNA into DNA genome

Answer 23

False

They inhibit viral proteases responsible for the cleavage of viral polyproteins into functional proteins by binding to their active sites

Question 24

T/F: Corneal edema (blue eye), observed in some puppies presenting with infectious canine hepatitis, is an immune complex-mediated disease

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F: Mammalian influenza virus is restricted to respiratory tract epithelial cells

Answer 25

**True**

Question 26

T/F: BVD-MD is a cytopathic and non-cytopathic co-infection

Answer 26

**True**

Question 27

T/F: Valtrex cannot be used to treat a herpesvirus infection caused by a herpesvirus with mutation in its thymidine kinase gene

Answer 27

**True** Acyclovir requires the herpesvirus-specified enzyme, thymidine kinase, to phosphorylate it to acyclovir monophosphate. p 76

Question 28

T/F: Acute and convalescent serum samples for titration of antigen specific antibody titers are collected two to four weeks apart

Answer 28

**True**

Question 29

T/F: After virus penetration into host cell, the parental RNA genome of a retrovirus is copied by reverse transcriptase into double-stranded DNA; this change in chromosome takes place in the nucleus of the host cell

Answer 29

**False** Viral RNA is released into the cytoplasm. Parental RNA is copied to ssDNA by reverse transcriptase. ssDNA is made double-stranded, again by reverse transcriptase. dsDNA moves into the nucleus

Question 30

T/F: The hemadsorption-inhibiting assay is always carried out using virus-infected cell culture

Answer 30

**True** p 88

Question 31

T/F: The antiretroviral drug AZT (zidovudine) prevents insertion of retroviral DNA into the host genome by binding to the active site of the viral integrase

Answer 31

**False** AZT inhibits viral reverse transcriptase as well as causing chain termination, hence *blocking the synthesis of proviral DNA*

Question 32

T/F: Azidothymidine (AZT), an antiviral drug, inhibits replication of feline immunodeficiency virus by inactivating the viral enzyme that cleaves polyproteins into functional proteins

Answer 32

**True**

Question 33

T/F: Azidothymidine (AZT) is a nucleoside analog used in the treatment of AIDS and feline immunodeficiency disease. A nucleoside is a nucleotide minus a phosphate.

Answer 33

**True**

Question 34

T/F: Phosphorylated azidothymidine (AZT) acts as a chain terminator if incorporated in to DNA, blocking the synthesis of proviral DNA.

Answer 34

**True**

Question 35

T/F: Viruses that frequently undergo antigenic variation are usually associated with persistent infections

Answer 35

**True**

Question 36

T/F: Type I and II interferons enhance cellular expression of MHC class I proteins.

Answer 36

**True**

Question 37

T/F: Bovine leukemia is characterized by the transformation of mainly T-lymphocytes

Answer 37

**False** The major target cells are B-lymphocytes

Question 38

T/F: Cross-neutralization and cross-protection occur among the subgroups of feline leukemia virus

Answer 38

**False** Neutralizing antibodies against gp70 proteins protect against viremia; the antibodies are subgroup specific

Question 39

Concernin calicivirus in cats, which statement is least accurate? * A. Recovered cats may shed virus for several months. * B. Protection against the disease is afforded through vaccination. * C. May be seen as conjunctivitis and pneumonia. * D. May result in corneal ulceration

Answer 39

**D. May result in corneal ulceration**

Question 40

T/F: Swine influenza belongs to the influenza B group

Answer 40

**False** Influenza A virus subtypes H1N1, H1N3, H3N2 p 194

Question 41

Which is the most virulent type of Equine Encephalitis?

Answer 41

**Eastern Equine Encephalitis** 90-98% fatality p 216

Question 42

T/F: Canine distemper is readily isolated from cell cultures

Answer 42

**False**

Question 43

What is the principal mode of infection for Feline Immunodeficiency Disease?

Answer 43

**Cat bites** Virus is shed in saliva. Disease is most common in free-roaming cats. One bite is sufficient to transmit the virus p 158

Question 44

Hyperkeratosis of the foot pad in dogs is sometimes associated with:

Answer 44

**Canine Distemper** Also known as 'hardpad disease' p 185

Question 45

Bovine Ephemeral Fever is commonly seen in the northeastern United States

Answer 45

**False** It is seen throughout Adrica, Middle East, Asia, & Australia. *BEF has never been reported in the USA* p. 169

Question 46

T/F: Foot and Mouth disease is exotic to the US

Answer 46

**True**

Question 47

The virus responsible for **Canine Influenza** is a mutated strain of equine influenza virus

Answer 47

**True** p 193

Question 48

T/F: Maedi/Visna Disease is associated with lifelong lymphocyte-associated viremia

Answer 48

**True**

Question 49

T/F: Lentiviruses are oncogenic

Answer 49

**False**

Question 50

Which of the following infects T lymphocytes? * a) Bovine Leukemia * b) Feline Leukemia and sarcoma * c) Avianleukosis * d) Sporadic Bovine Leukosis

Answer 50

**b) Feline Leukemia and sarcoma **

Question 51

Which of the following can be transmitted from cat to cat? * a) FeLV-A * b) FeLV-B * c) FeLV-C * d) a) and b) * e) a) and c)

Answer 51

d) **FeLV-A** and **FeLV-B**

Question 52

T/F: Caprine arthritis-encephalomyelitis causes hard bag, interstitial pneumonia, encephalitis and most commonly arthritis

Answer 52

**True**

Question 53

T/F: Maedi is a CNS disease and Visna is a respiratory disease

Answer 53

**False** * Visna is a CNS disease* * Maedi is a respiratory disease *

Question 54

T/F: Lentiviruses cause lifelong infections

Answer 54

**True**

Question 55

This is a cat

Answer 55

This is also a cat

Question 56

T/F: Bluetongue is a non-contagious disease

Answer 56

**True** It is REPORTABLE though! WHAT WHAT

Question 57

How is Bluetongue transmitted (primarily)?

Answer 57

**Arthropod vector (Culicoides)**

Question 58

Which viral genus is the major cause of enteritis involving the small intestine in neonates of all domestic animals?

Answer 58

**Rotavirus!**

Question 59

Which of the following is *not* a reportable disease? * a) Blue tongue * b) Rotavirus infection * c) African Horse Sickness * d) EEEV, WEEV, VEEV

Answer 59

**d) EEEV, WEEV, VEEV **

Question 60

Reservoir for African Horse Sickness: * a) Horses * b) Zebras * c) Donkeys * d) Mules * e) dogs

Answer 60

**b) Zebras **

Question 61

T/F: Dunkop (acute/pulmonary) and Dikkop (subacute/cardiac) are the two common clinical forms of African Swine Fever

Answer 61

**False** They are the 2 clinical forms of African Horse Sickness

Question 62

T/F: Group A rotaviruses are the major cause of severe diarrhea in young mammals and birds. This virus destroys the cells of the large intestine causing malabsorption and fluid secretion

Answer 62

**False!** Destroys cells of the *small* intestine, not large

Question 63

T/F: Transmissible Gastroenteritis in pigs is a disease causing diarrhea and high mortality in piglets. Because of its impact on production, this disease is a List A disease

Answer 63

**False** List B disease

Question 64

T/F: The virulent form of the Feline Infectious Peritonitis virus comes from a mutation of the enteric form. This new virus has a high tropism for macrophages

Answer 64

**True**

Question 65

Which of the following associations is **true** regarding the reservoir or amplifying host? * a) EEEV – equines * b) WEEV – equines * c) VEEV enzootic cycle – equines * d) VEEV epizootic cycle - equines

Answer 65

**d) VEEV epizootic cycle - equines **

Question 66

At what stage of gestation will a calf become a persistent carrier if the cow gets infected with bovine viral diarrhea? * a) \<1 month * b) 2-4 months * c) 5-9 months * d) 9 months

Answer 66

**b) 2-4 months **

Question 67

T/F: A calf with the noncytopathic form of bovine viral diarrhea will have an uncleaved NS2-3 protein, be a persistent carrier of the disease and will show symptoms such as poor weight gain, diarrhea and mucosal disease.

Answer 67

**True**

Question 68

T/F: Hog cholera or classical swine fever is characterized by turkey egg kidneys and a button ulcer colon

Answer 68

**True**

Question 69

Lesions observed in infectious canine hepatitis are a consequence of virus replication in the following cells except: * Vascular endothelium * Hepatocytes * Neurons * Kupffer cells

Answer 69

**Neurons**

Question 70

The main targets for ICH’s viremia phase are all of the following except: * Kidneys * Liver * Lungs * Pancreas * Spleen

Answer 70

**Pancreas**

Question 71

T/F: Environmental decontamination with a lipid solvent will inactivate adenoviruses

Answer 71

**True**

Question 72

T/F: Rubarth’s disease only infects bears and domestic dogs

Answer 72

**False** Also wild dogs. Remember fox encephalitis

Question 73

Regarding retroviruses: What does the gag gene encode for?

Answer 73

**capsid**

Question 74

T/F: Most kittens born to a viremic queen become viremic and die. This is known as Fading Kitten Syndrome, and it is a neoplastic disease

Answer 74

**False** Fading Kitten Syndrome is non-neoplastic

Question 75

Replication of bovine ephemerovirus occurs in all of the following except: * Monocytes * Splenic Macrophages * Pulmonary Macrophages * Kupffer Cells * Lymph Node Macrophages

Answer 75

**Lymph Node Macrophages**

Question 76

T/F: Bats account for most cases of rabies in cattle

Answer 76

**False** Skunks, not bats

Question 77

Foot & Mouth Disease causes abortion because the virus crosses the placenta.

Answer 77

**False** Abortions due to fever/dehydration

Question 78

T/F: Picornoviruses are the largest of the RNA viruses, and do not form inclusion bodies

Answer 78

**False** Picornoviruses are the **_smallest_** of the RNA viruses, and do not form inclusion bodies

Question 79

All of the following hemagglutinate except: * Canine Distemper * Canine Parainfluenza virus 5 * Newcastle Disease * Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Disease

Answer 79

**Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Disease**

Question 80

An incorrect statement concerning avian influenza is * Wild ducks and other waterfowl serve as natural reservoirs * Protection is afforded through vaccination * Lesions may be observed in the GIT and respiratory tract * Currently the virus causing disease in the USA is subtype H5N2

Answer 80

**Wild ducks and other waterfowl serve as natural reservoirs**

Question 81

T/F: While influenza viruses in birds are contained in the respiratory tract, influenza in mammals is systemic and affects the respiratory tract, GIT and CNS, and is deadly

Answer 81

**False** While influenza viruses in **_mammals_** are contained in the respiratory tract, *influenza in **_birds_** is systemic and affects the respiratory tract, GIT and CNS, and is deadly. *

Question 82

T/F: Antigenic shift results in a major antigenic change, while antigenic drift results in a minor change and involves point mutations.

Answer 82

**True**

Question 83

Infectious canine hepatitis is characterized by virus replication in each of the cells listed below except: * Endothelial cells * Erythrocytes * Hepatocytes * Kuppfer cells

Answer 83

**Erythrocytes**

Question 84

What would be the drug of choice for reversal of a neuromuscular blockade by rocuronium?

Answer 84

Sugammadex

Question 85

T/F: Mastadenoviruses are bifurcated, giving the appearance of two fibers extending from each penton base

Answer 85

**False** Aviadenoviruses are bifurcated, not mastadenoviruses

Question 86

Tumor-specific antigen present only on the membrane of cells transformed by either FeLV or FeSV:

Answer 86

FOCMA

Question 87

Concerning equine infectious anemia, which statement is *least accurate*? * The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and horseflies * Lifelong, irreversible viremia occurs in infected horses * The virus multiplies in erythrocytes and causes anemia by intravascular hemolysis * Antigenic variation is a hallmark of the equine infectious anemia virus

Answer 87

The virus multiplies in erythrocytes and causes anemia by intravascular hemolysis ## Footnote **The virus replicates in MACROPHAGES and then in lymphocytes**

Question 88

Vaccination has been a critical factor in reducing the incidence of the following diseases in domestic animals except? * Feline rhinotracheitis * Infectious laryngotracheitis * Sheeppox * Equine infectious anemia

Answer 88

**Equine infectious anemia**