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120 > random questions about everything cause who knows what he will throw on this next test. mainly module 2 > Flashcards

random questions about everything cause who knows what he will throw on this next test. mainly module 2 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

what is an alpha motor neuron?

A

efferent neuron - spinal cord to muscle

initiates muscle healing

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2
Q

what is an efferent nerve?

A

going away from spinal cord

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3
Q

what is an afferent nerve?

A

going towards the spinal cord

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4
Q

what is a mechanoreceptor?

A

responds to distortion

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5
Q

what do extrafusal fibers do?

A

they create tension by contracting

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6
Q

what is a closed pack position?

A

2 joint surfaces fitting together tightly

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7
Q

what are some factors that affect ROM?

A

intrinsic factors: inside body or joint: shape, permeability

extrinsic: external factors: work, environment, activities
immobility: stiffness, loss of bone density, lack of lubrication, muscle weakness, deter

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8
Q

benefits of ROM:

A

new nutrients

stronger muscles

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9
Q

how to measure range of motion?

A

estimation
goniometer
functional activity
linear

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10
Q

what is isotonic ?

A

muscle contraction and change of length but not resistance

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11
Q

what is isometric?

A

contraction but not lengthening

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12
Q

what is isokinetic?

A

same movement but using a machine

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13
Q

what is autogenic inhibition?

A

stretching the same muscle you are trying to elongate

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14
Q

what is reciprocal inhibition?

A

puts tension on a certain muscle that will result in stretching of antagonistic muscle ex) tension on biceps = stretching out triceps

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15
Q

what do muscle spindles respond too?

A

change in length and velocity … afferent nerve (back to spinal cord)

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16
Q

What GTO’s respond too?

A

efferent nerve… respond to muscle tension

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17
Q

what is PNF

A

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (autogenic and reciprocal inhibition)

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18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: the bigger the cross sectional area the stronger the contraction

A

true

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19
Q

why do you not use ballistic stretching for pediatrics?

A

hyperextension can occur

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20
Q

how long do you hold a stretch for geriatrics? and what type of stretch do you use?

A

60 seconds and static

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21
Q

what does AG stand for?

A

against gravity

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22
Q

what is osteokinematics ?

A

movement of whole bone from rolling or sliding movements among the joint

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23
Q

why is immobilization important?

A

necessary to allow initial stages of fracture healing

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24
Q

is GTO the reason autogenic inhibition works?

A

yes

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25
where are GTO's found?
musculotendinus junction
26
what is the TUG test and what is used for?
timed up and go | used to track progress with speed and endurance
27
what can we sew?
``` universal cuffs slings adapting clothing abdominal binders for hernias garments ```
28
is static stretching an example of reciprocal inhibition?
no, it is autogenic
29
ballistic/ dynamic stretching is an example of reciprocal inhibition TRUE OR FALSE
true
30
what does VAS stand for?
visual analog scale "pain test"
31
what is motor learning?
changes in motor performance and control as a result of training
32
what does muscle performance measure?
strength, power endurance
33
define type 1 muscle fibers (red)
slow twitch, sustain low level of tension over time | ex) endurance running
34
define type 2 muscle fibers (white)
fast twitch, generate tension quickly and fatigue quickly | ex) sprinting, resistance training , short term work
35
define fast glycotic
large and white fast contraction fatigue quickly
36
what is torque?
rotational work
37
what is work?
force x distance
38
what is power?
rate at which muscles work | work/time
39
what is strength?
maximum voluntary force produced
40
true or false : the more fine the skill is the LESS fibers the motor neuron innervates
true
41
what is open chain resistance training (OKC) and think of some exercises that demonstrate it
terminal segment is free to move | ex) jumping jacks , skipping rope, swimming , bicep curl
42
what is closed chain resistance training (CKC) and some examples of exercises
part of the body that you want to exercise is fixed | ex) push ups, squats
43
skeletal muscle is surrounded by?
epimysium
44
what is proprioception?
being able to know where your body part is in space without having to see it
45
what is the most efficient determinant of tissue healing?
BLOOD SUPPLY
46
all fibers in a motor unit contract and develop at the same time. TRUE OR FALSE
true
47
gross motor skills = cell terminates more muscle fibers but is using less units
:)
48
fine motor skills = cell terminates less muscles fibers but uses more units
:)
49
what are the 3 types of cartilage
hyaline elastic fibrocartilage
50
what are the 4 physical agents
cryotherapy thermotherapy hydrotherapy sound agents
51
the finer the movement the more units required .... true or false and why
true , because the alpha motor neuron is terminating less muscle fibers
52
the larger the movement the less units required ... true or false and why
true, because the alpha motor neuron is terminating a lot more muscle fibers
53
what is the normal ROM for shoulder flexion
165 degrees
54
what is the normal ROM for elbow flexion
140 degrees
55
what is normal ROM for hip flexion
120 degrees
56
what is normal ROM for knee flexion
145 degrees
57
fascicles are surrounded by what?
perimysium
58
muscle fibers are surrounded by what?
endomysium
59
do scars have sweat glands?
no
60
what is the order of structure of a muscle
``` muscle belly fascicles muscle fibers myofibrils myofilaments (actin and myosin) ```
61
3 phases of plyometrics
eccentric phase- stretching or elongating amortization phase- time between eccentric and concentric phase concentric phase- shortening of muscle
62
what is DOM?
delayed onset muscle soreness
63
what disabilities would need adaptations to use the toilet?
wheelchair, neurological, hip replacement, LE injury, amputations
64
what kind of adaptations would be needed to use the toilet?
grab bar, raised toilet seat, commode(toilet on wheels), versaframes (extra support)
65
what are some benefits of RTS?
easier to get up from can create level of transfer for someone in a wheelchair can be temporary
66
what are grab bars used for?
for ease of standing safety continued independence
67
whats the difference between a bath chair and bath bench? and when would you use one over the other
bath bench extends over the side bath chair just sits in the tub and you use the bath bench to get in and out
68
what can a hand held shower be enhanced by?
having a hook on the wall beside you to hang it while you wash your hair
69
why use a zero entry shower
for people who use a commode allows room for two people (easy safe transfer) fewer balance issues (not having to step with one leg)
70
what are some aids for the bathroom?
``` bath mitt, soap and washcloth in one long handled sponge silicone foot scrubber soap on a roap terry bathroom to dry off microfiber towels hair turbans ```
71
whats the most important thing to all aspects of a bathroom?
SAFETY | and must be functional
72
peripheral nerve is made up of what?
sensory and motor neurons
73
motor unit is what?
number of muscle fibers innervated by 1 motor neuron
74
more motor units in a muscle = more precise movements TRUE OR FALSE
true
75
myofibrils consist of what
sarcomere units

120 (5 decks)

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