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1
Q

He contribution of Kabat, Knott, and Voss included exercise in

A

Diagonal planes of motion

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2
Q

Therapeutic exercise during initial recovery from ligamentous injury will

A

Provide controlled stress in order to promote collagen fiber alignment

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3
Q

Patient is recovering from an Achilles’ tendon injury. She is now able to do pain free motion. What’s her next therapeutic exercise she will do?

A

One or two concentric exercise

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4
Q

Prolonged immobilization will NOT result in..

A

Increase lubrication to joint surfaces

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5
Q

Muscle spindles will respond to..

A

Length

Velocity

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6
Q

Golgi tendon does

A

Sends message to brain
Muscle relaxes
Load is relaxed

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7
Q

Two types of stretching.

A

Static

Ballistic

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8
Q

What is static stretching ?

A

Muscle is slowly elongated to tolerance a position held for a tolerable length .

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9
Q

What is ballistic

A

Repetitive bouncing or jerking movements

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10
Q

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation is..

A

Contraction before a static stretch of the muscles is the mainstay of the PNF techniques for increased flexibility..

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11
Q

In the time of the Christian Era (BC) Exercise was though to…

A

Increase strength and mental attitude

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12
Q

Alpha motor neuron..

A

Neuron in spinal cord and brain stem that takes the message to the Muscle fibres of skeletal muscle and INITIATES MUSCLE CONTRACTION

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13
Q

Afferent sensory nerves

A

Nerves that sense a stimulus and send info about it to your CNS - towards spinal cord efferent from spinal cord back to tissue

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14
Q

Apophyses

A

Natural protuberance from a bone

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15
Q

Arthrokinematics

A

Joint movement that isn’t voluntary

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16
Q

Autogenic inhibition

A

Signals from GTO to override impulses that cause relaxation

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17
Q

Calcification

A

Accumulation of Calcium salts, occurs in formation of bone, feels hard

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18
Q

Closed pack position.

A

2 joint surfaces fit together tightly compressed

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19
Q

Epiphysis

A

Founded end of a long bone at its joint with adjacent bone growth pate

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20
Q

4 ways to measure ROM

A

Functional, estimating, goniometer, linear measurements

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21
Q

Afferent nerve means?

A

Towards the spinal cord

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22
Q

Efferent nerve means?

A

Away from the spinal cord

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23
Q

What type of afferent neuron is found in GTO?

A

IB

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24
Q

Where are GTO’s formed?

A

Meuscolotendinus junction

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25
Isometric muscle contraction is?
muscle stays the same length.
26
Isotonic muscle contraction is?
Change length of spindles
27
VAS stands for?
Visual Analog Scale= Pain scale
28
3 phases of healing?
Inflammatory, Repair, connective tissue formation and remodeling
29
What is the time frame of phase 1.
24-48 hrs. | 7-10 days.
30
What is the time frame of phase 2.
48 hrs -6 weeks.
31
What is the time frame of phase 3.
3 weeks-12 weeks.
32
What type of callagen is produced in phase 2?
Type Callagen III
33
Type Callagen III turns into what type in phase 3?
Type Callagen I
34
The motion that is preformed and controlled as a combined effort of both the patient and a wall pulley in the sagital plane. This type of joint movement is called?
AAROM
35
The patient preforms a straight leg raise in the supine position. As the leg is lowered, the motion is called?
Active hip extension range of motion
36
The full amount of joint motion available at the wrist is based on?
Intrinsic and extrinsic factors
37
The wear and tear with age and micro trauma occurring at the hip in a patient who worked in construction trades limited the ROM at his hip. This is an example of ?
Extrinsic limitations.
38
The benefits of AROM, AAROM, PROM are?
Reduction in the perception of joint pain, Maintenance of joint mobility and nutrition, Prevention of venous stasis and formation of blood clots.
39
When working with an elderly person on restoring ROM and PTA should?
Make sure the new motions are incorporated into a functional activity
40
The amount of joint motion produced by voluntary muscle contraction is called?
AROM
41
What intrinsic factors affect ROM?
Muscle flexibility
42
True or False, AAROM is an effective activity for increasing muscular strength.
FALSE
43
Macro trauma means
one single force
44
EPA Stands for?
Electrical Physical Agents
45
Therapeutic exercise means?
Activities used to help promote status, help prevent pain
46
who is considered the father of therapeutic exercise
herodicus
47
what does PRE mean
progressive resistance exercise
48
single injurious force?
macro trauma
49
series of small forces
micro trauma
50
describe phase 1 healing
inflammatory response - injury happens and body responds by stabilizing the injured site. includes signs of redness, heat, loss of function, swelling, pain
51
describe phase 2 healing
proliferation stage - tissue regeneration occurs from the blood vessels receiving new oxygen and nutrients, type 3 collagen (thin& weak) is produced
52
describe phase 3 healing
connective tissue formation and remodeling- type 3 collagen is turned to type 1. occurs after wound is closed, non functional fibroblasts are replaced by functional ones
53
is tissue repair an adaptive intrinsic and extrinsic process?
yes
54
what is the most efficient determinant of tissue healing?
Blood supply.
55
do tissues have different rates of healing?
yes
56
what are the two joint capsule layers?
external layer and internal layer
57
why is the musculotendinous junction a critical zone?
the collagen fibers of the tendon merge with the contractile units of the muscle
58
what are the 3 types of cartilage >?
elastic(allows greater amounts of deformation), hyaline (ends of bones,provides low friction surface), fibrocartilage(between bones that require little motion, designed to sustain repeated loads and stress)
59
what are the 4 physical agents used to treat
thermotherapy, cyrotherapy, hydrotherapy, sound agents
60
what are electrotherapeutic modalities
group of agents using electricity & are used to assist functional training, decrease pain , increase circulation, assist muscle generation and contraction
61
what does AG stand for
against gravity
62
what does GE stand for
gravity eliminated
63
what does WNL stand for
within normal limits
64
what does d/c stand for
discontinue
65
basic definition of ROM?
how much you can move a joint
66
what two types of ROM are non gravitational
AAROM and PROM
67
what is PROM
movement controlled by efforts of an external force without the use of voluntary muscle contraction by the person
68
what is AAROM
movements controlled by the voluntary muscular efforts of the individual combined with an external forces help
69
what is AROM
movements controlled by the voluntary muscular efforts of individual without assistance
70
what is osteokinematic motion
movement of whole bone resulting from rolling or sliding among the articulating bone
71
what 3 factors affect ROM
intrinsic, extrinsic, immobilization
72
how long do you hold an autogenic inhibition stretch
10-15 seconds with tension added
73
the GTO responds to tension and prevents injury by relaxing the muscle.... true or false
TRUE
74
autogenic inhibition utilizes what structure?
GTO
75
is recripocal inhibition when the opposite muscle relaxes while the other contracts
yes
76
how long do you hold a stretch with geriatrics and why
60 seconds, and because tissues are tighter and need longer to stretch out
77
do you use ballistic stretching with pediatrics and geriatrics ?
no because they are at greater risk for injury
78
what do muscle spindles contain
afferent nerve fibers and 1a and type 2 nerve afferents
79
what type of afferent neuron is found in GTOs
1b
80
where are GTOs found?
musculotendinus junction
81
is a tendon stronger then muscle
yes because they are thicker
82
what do intrafusal muscle fibers do
detect the change of length in muscle inside of muscle spindle
83
what is proprioception
reception of stimuli in body
84
what is PNF
increased ROM by using diagonal patterns of movement
85
what do extrinsic muscle fibers do
contract and produce movement OUTSIDE of muscle fiber
86
what do mechanoreceptors do
respond to distortion
87
what do alpha motor neurons do
in spinal cord and brain, initiate muscle contraction
88
what is an apophysis
natural protuberance from a bone
89
what is a closed pack position
2 joint surfaces fitting together
90
what is an epiphysis
rounded end of a long bone
91
muscle spindles respond to what
length of muscle and velocity

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