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Emma Repro > Random Review > Flashcards

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1
Q

Glands lined by a single layer of epithelium and packed back to back

A

prostate adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

comm COD in cervical squamous cell carcinoma

A

renal failure w/ hydronephrosis

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3
Q

papillary tumor areas with high grade nuclei

A

serous adenocarcinoma

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4
Q

clomiphene citrate

A

a selective estrogen receptor modulator and is used for ovulation induction

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5
Q

letrozole

A

aromatase inhibitor

used for ovulation induction

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6
Q

Rotterdam Criteria

A

need 2/3 for PCOS

  1. Hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical)
  2. Ovulatory dysfunction (oligo-/ amenorrhea)
  3. Polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
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7
Q

menopause is dx by inc levels of

A

FSH

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8
Q

Endometriosis is characterized by dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, or both?

A

dysmenorrhea

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9
Q

Adenomyosis is characterized by dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, or both?

A

both

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10
Q

tx for benign (mature) ovarian teratoma

A

surgery

to avoid rupture etc.

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11
Q

BP changes during preg

A

progesterone relaxes smc

–> BP falls

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12
Q

Mg sulfate

A

smc RELAXANT

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13
Q

oxytocin

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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14
Q

prostaglandins E1 and E2

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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15
Q

ergot alkaloids

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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16
Q

alpha adrenergic drugs

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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17
Q

mechanical stretch

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

polyhydramnios
xs fetal size
mult preg
fibroids

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18
Q

progesterone

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine relaxant

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19
Q

terbutaline

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

beta mimetics (agonists)

uterine relaxant

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20
Q

nifedipine

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine relaxant

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21
Q

atociban

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

oxytocin antagonist

uterine relaxant`

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22
Q

Mg sulfate

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

Ca++ antagonist

uterine relaxant

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23
Q

ritodrine

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

beta mimetics (agonists)

uterine relaxant

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24
Q

prostaglandin
inhibitors

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine relaxant

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25
matrix metalloproteinase during labor
UPregulated, breaks up collagen and makes cervix soft
26
hyaluronic acid during labor
inc in hydration of ground substance cervical ripening
27
negative station
head higher up relative to ischial spine
28
positive station
head lower relative to ischial spine
29
uterine a. changes during pregnancy
diameter doubles
30
uterine blood flow changes during pregnancy
increases by 8-fold at 20 weeks pregnancy
31
vasodilatation during pregnancy is mainly due to
estradiol and progesterone
32
venous changes during pregnancy
vasodilation, less competent valves
33
MAP changes during pregnancy
falls mid-pregnancy | ~20 wk
34
consequences of progesterone during pregnancy
dec SVR --> postural hypOtension
35
angiotensin II during preg
inc --> H2O/Na retention *less sensitive to this change tho, dec bp overall
36
plasma volume during pregnancy
inc --> edema
37
CVS changes occur during which part of pregnancy?
much occur prior to 12 wk gestation
38
ureter/gb dilation during pregnancy can be attributed to
inc progesterone --. inc smc relax
39
reason for inc UTI risk during pregnancy
ureter dilates, bladder smc relaxes (via progesterone, more urine retention)
40
respiratory changes during pregnancy
``` respiratory alkalosis dec pCO2 hyperventilation --> inc TV SOB chest circumference inc mucosa of nasopharynx becomes hyperemic and edematous ```
41
T/F physiologic dyspnea during pregnancy includes paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
F
42
risk fx for mole
women >40 women 2+ miscarriages partial less freq than complete moles
43
___ molar pregnancies are more common
complete
44
tonsssss of cells and nuclear material, no villi
gestational trophoblastic disease
45
involuntary leakage + urgency | run to toilet
detrusor overactivity uninhibited bladder contraction
46
dribble | no urgency to pee
overflow incontinence
47
examples of anticholinergics
``` Oxybutynin (Ditropan) Tolterodine (Detrol) Darifenacin (Enablex) Solifenacin (Vesicare) Trospium (Sanctura) Fesoterodine (Toviaz) ```
48
STI leading to Fallopian tube damage, infertility
gonorrhea (damages cilia, can't move pregnancy down tubes)
49
shoulder pain
ruptured ectopic (blood between diaphragm and liver --> referred to shoulder)
50
IUP shows hCG levels that double every
48 hours
51
rudimentary uterine horn pregnancies have a rupture rate of
50%
52
most common finding in ectopic pregnancy
adnexal mass
53
most concerning fetal monitor findings
LATE decelerations | minimal variability
54
glucose tolerance test
LOW RISK PREG: 1 hour glucose (50g) test at 24-28 weeks with no special prep (EAT) if suspicious: screen at first visit
55
3hr glucose test
if failed 1hr glucose test 3hr test includes 3d carb loading, 8hr overnight fast, then 100g oral glucose measure fasting, 1hr, 2hr, 3hr
56
pathophys of Rh(D) antigen response
B lymphocyte clones form that recognize foreign rbc antigens
57
RhoGAM dose
300 mcg
58
% women alloimmunized w/ RhoGAM
2% w/ routine PP dose 0.1% with added dose at 28wk
59
is progesterone helpful clinically for uterine relaxation?
no
60
placenta previa - painless or painful?
painless
61
abruption placenta - painless or painful?
painful
62
vasa previa
fetal blood vessel rupture, req c sec
63
estrogens in peripheral adipose tissue are formed from
androstenedione
64
most comm female malignancy
endometrial cancer
65
most comm ovarian tumor
benign cystic teratoma
66
solid tumors
``` dysgerminoma choriocarcinoma immature teratoma theca/fibroma sertoli/leydig ```
67
which tumors are estrogen AND progesterone sensitive (female)
Leiomyomas
68
Onset of pregnancy-related dyspnea usually occurs before __ wk
20 wk MILD NOT AT REST
69
ectopic preg present when?
6-8 wk after last normal menstrual pd can occur later
70
which location of ectopic presents with lots of bleeding
cornua of Fallopian tube
71
tocolytic
term for uterine relaxants (anti-contraction)

Emma Repro (23 decks)

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