Random words to learn (6) Flashcards

Question

# adjective disengaged | /ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/

Answer 1

(formal) not involved with somebody/something or not interested in them/it | không liên quan, không hứng thú ## Footnote * Her father was emotionally disengaged. * **disengaged from somebody/something** The electorate is becoming increasingly disengaged from politics.

Answer 2

[usually passive] *(formal)* to understand the meaning of a word, a sentence or an action in a particular way | be construed: được hiểu rằng, được hiểu là ## Footnote **Synonym: interpret** * **be construed** He considered how the remark was to be construed. * **be construed as something** Her words could hardly be construed as an apology.

Answer 3

* to be the explanation or cause of something * to give an explanation of something * to be a particular amount or part of something | giải thích cho/ giải thích/ chiếm (bao nhiêu phần trăm) ## Footnote * The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd. * Oh well, that accounts for it (= I understand now why it happened). * How do you account for the show's success? * He was unable to account for the error. * The increase can be fully accounted for. * The Japanese market accounts for 35 per cent of the company's revenue.

Answer 4

* expected to do something or to become something (= potential) * expected to happen soon (= forthcoming) | tiềm năng ## Footnote * a prospective buyer * I had a phone call from a prospective client today. * They are worried about prospective changes in the law. * On learning of a prospective sale, the lawyer should call the client as soon as possible.

Answer 5

* to include a large number or range of things * to surround or cover something completely | chứa, bao gồm/ vây quanh ## Footnote * The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities. * The group encompasses all ages. * The fog soon encompassed the whole valley.

Answer 6

**denote something/ that…/ what, when, etc…** * to be a sign of something (= indicate) * to mean something (= represent) | chỉ ra rằng, cho thấy rằng, chứng tỏ/ có nghĩa là ## Footnote * A very high temperature often denotes a serious illness. * In this example ‘X’ denotes the time taken and ‘Y’ denotes the distance covered. * The red triangle denotes danger. * Here ‘family’ denotes mother, father and children. * The Hebrew term used here simply denotes a young girl.

Answer 7

a statement or an idea that forms the basis for a reasonable line of argument | tiêu đề/ tiền đề ## Footnote * the basic premise of her argument * The argument rests on a false premise. * His reasoning is based on the premise that all people are equally capable of good and evil. * The premise on which they worked was that there would always be enough natural resources to support them.

Answer 8

a quality or feature of somebody/something | thuộc tính, đặc tính ## Footnote * Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher. * The most basic attribute of all animals is consciousness.

Answer 9

* **attribute something to something** to say or believe that something is the result of a particular thing * **attribute something to somebody** to say or believe that somebody is responsible for doing something, especially for saying, writing or painting something * to regard a quality or feature as belonging to somebody/something | cho là do, quy cho ## Footnote * Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher. * The most basic attribute of all animals is consciousness. * This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare. * a quote that has often been falsely attributed to George Patton * **attribute something** The committee refused to attribute blame without further information. * **attribute something to somebody/something** Ancient peoples attributed magical properties to the stones.

Answer 10

* (formal) the natural qualities of a person’s character * **disposition to/towards/ to do something** (formal) a quality of tending to behave in a particular way * (formal) the way something is placed or arranged * a formal act of giving property or money to somebody | tính khí/ khuynh hướng/ sự sắp xếp/ chuyển giao, chuyển nhượng? ## Footnote * to have a cheerful disposition * people of a nervous disposition * to have/show a disposition towards violence * Do people have a natural disposition to be good?

Answer 11

to get rid of somebody/something that you do not want or cannot keep to deal with a problem, question or threat successfully to defeat or kill somebody | loại bỏ, vứt bỏ/ xử lý, giải quyết (thành công)/ hạ gục, kết liễu ## Footnote * the difficulties of disposing of nuclear waste * to dispose of stolen property * Radioactive waste must be disposed of safely. * That seems to have disposed of most of their arguments. * It took her a mere 20 minutes to dispose of her opponent.

Answer 12

* a person’s or an animal’s nature as shown in the way they behave or react to situations or people * the fact of tending to get emotional and excited very easily and behave in an unreasonable way | tính khí/ sự phấn khích (một cách vô lý) ## Footnote * to have an artistic temperament * a horse with an excellent temperament * She's a dreamer and a romantic by temperament. * To become a champion, you have to have the right temperament. * an actor given to displays of temperament

Answer 13

based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories | theo kinh nghiệm cá nhân ## Footnote * empirical evidence/knowledge/research * an empirical study

Answer 14

* linkage (between A and B) the act of linking things; a link or system of links * a device that links two or more things | sự kết nối/ vật kết nối ## Footnote This chapter explores the linkage between economic development and the environment.

Answer 15

* if somebody/something has a particular tendency, they are likely to behave or act in a particular way * a new custom that is starting to develop (= trend) | xu hướng ## Footnote * to display artistic tendencies * **tendency to do something** I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous. * This material has a tendency to shrink when washed. * **tendency for somebody/something to do something** There is a tendency for this disease to run in families. * **tendency to/towards something** She has a strong natural tendency towards caution. * **tendency (for somebody/something) (to do something)** There's a growing tendency for women to marry later. * **tendency to/towards something** Industry showed a tendency towards increasingly centralized administration.

Answer 16

* a combination of musical notes that do not sound pleasant together * (formal) lack of agreement | âm thanh không đúng điệu/ sự bất hoà, bất đồng ý kiến ## Footnote **antonym: consonance**

Answer 17

* ** consonance (with something)** (formal) agreement * a combination of musical notes that sound pleasant together | sự đồng tình, phù hợp/ hoà âm hợp âm whatever it is ## Footnote **antonym: dissonance**

Answer 18

* the act of somebody becoming a member of a group, often with a special ceremony; the act of introducing somebody to an activity or skill * (formal) the act of starting something | sự kết nạp, sự tham gia/ sự khởi đầu ## Footnote * There was an established initiation ceremony for new boys. * The gym charges an initiation fee of $125. * **initiation into something** her initiation into the world of marketing * It is generally the police who deal with the initiation of criminal proceedings.

Answer 19

* **initiate something** (formal) to make something begin * **initiate somebody (into something)** to explain something to somebody and/or make them experience it for the first time * **initiate somebody (into something)** to make somebody a member of a particular group, especially as part of a secret ceremony | bắt đầu (cái gì đó)/ giới thiệu, cho ai đó trải nghiệm/ kết nạp ## Footnote * to initiate legal proceedings against somebody * The government has initiated a programme of economic reform. * Many of them had been initiated into drug use at an early age. * His uncle initiated him into the pleasures of sailing. * Hundreds are initiated into the sect each year.

Answer 20

a ceremony performed by a particular group of people, often for religious purposes | nghi lễ, nghi thức ## Footnote * funeral rites * initiation rites (= performed when a new member joins a secret society)

Answer 21

for which there is a fair and acceptable reason (= justifiable, valid) allowed and acceptable according to the law (= legal) | được công nhận, hợp lệ, chính đáng/ hợp pháp ## Footnote * a legitimate grievance * It seemed a perfectly legitimate question. * Politicians are legitimate targets for satire. * the legitimate government of the country * Is his business strictly legitimate? * The legitimate government was reinstated after the uprising.

Answer 22

**derive from something | be derived from something** to come or develop from something **derive something from something** (formal) to get/ obtain something from something | phát triển (từ cái gì)/ có, nhận, cảm thấy (cái gì) từ (cái gì) ## Footnote * The word ‘politics’ is derived from a Greek word meaning ‘city’. * This income was derived directly from his writing. * Wealth and position in society derived largely from land ownership. * He derived great pleasure from painting. * The new drug is derived from fish oil.

Answer 23

an unreasonable dislike of or preference for a person, group, custom, etc., especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc. | định kiến ## Footnote * a victim of racial prejudice * Their decision was based on ignorance and prejudice. * **prejudice against somebody/something** There was often prejudice against people with disabilities. * **prejudice in favour of somebody/something** She admitted to a prejudice in favour of British universities.

Answer 24

the quality or state of being likely to change or fail suddenly a mental condition in which somebody’s behaviour is likely to change suddenly | sự không ổn định, vững vàng (có thể suy sụp bất cứ lúc nào) ## Footnote * political and economic instability * mental/emotional instability * He showed increasing signs of mental instability.

Answer 25

**rationale (behind/for/of something)** the principles or reasons which explain a particular decision, course of action, belief, etc. | nguyên lý/ lý do ## Footnote **Synonym: reason** What is the rationale behind these new exams?

Answer 26

* inclined (to do something) wanting to do something * tending to do something; likely to do something * **inclined to agree, believe, think, etc.** used when you are expressing an opinion but do not want to express it very strongly * (used with particular adverbs) having a natural ability for something; preferring to do something | muốn làm gì/ có xu hướng, thiên về/ ???/ có năng khiếu ## Footnote * She was inclined to trust him. * He writes only when he feels inclined to. * There'll be time for a swim if you feel so inclined. * He's inclined to be lazy. * They'll be more inclined to listen if you don't shout. * I'm inclined to agree with you. * I'm half inclined to believe him. * musically/academically inclined children

Answer 27

* that makes you pay attention to it because it is so interesting and exciting * so strong that you cannot resist it * that makes you think it is true | thu hút chú ý/ khó cưỡng/ đáng tin, đáng thuyết phục ## Footnote * Her latest book makes compelling reading. * His eyes were strangely compelling. * a compelling need/desire * He was a sad man with a compelling need to talk about his unhappiness. * There is no compelling reason to believe him. * The new studies provide compelling evidence in support of these concepts.

Answer 28

* if two people, vehicles, etc. collide, they crash into each other; if a person, vehicle, etc. collides with another, or with something that is not moving, they crash into it * **collide (with somebody) (over something)** (formal) (of people, their opinions, etc.) to disagree strongly | vạ chạm/ đối đầu, phản đối ## Footnote The car and the van collided head-on in thick fog. Two trains collided head-on. collide with something/somebody The car collided head-on with the van. As he fell, his head collided with the table.

Answer 29

a smell, especially one that is unpleasant | mùi khó chịu ## Footnote * a foul/musty/pungent, etc. odour * the stale odour of cigarette smoke * (figurative) the odour of suspicion

Answer 30

showing or able to show your thoughts and feelings | tràn đầy cảm xúc ## Footnote * She has wonderfully expressive eyes. * the expressive power of his music * She has a wonderfully expressive voice.

Answer 31

* an agreement made between two people or groups in which each side gives up some of the things they want so that both sides are happy at the end * **compromise (between A and B)** a solution to a problem in which two or more things cannot exist together as they are, in which each thing is reduced or changed slightly so that they can exist together * the act of reaching a compromise | sự thoả hiệp, hoà giải ## Footnote * After lengthy talks the two sides finally reached a compromise. * In any relationship, you have to make compromises. * a compromise solution/agreement/candidate * This model represents the best compromise between price and quality. * It was a fair compromise between the two sides. * Compromise is an inevitable part of life. * There is no prospect of compromise in sight. * There could be no compromise with the nationalists.

Answer 32

* hard but easily broken * a brittle mood or state of mind is one that appears to be happy or strong but is actually nervous and easily damaged * (of a sound) hard and sharp in an unpleasant way | giòn/ tỏ ra mạnh mẽ nhưng lại yếu ớt/ (âm thanh) sắc, khó chịu ## Footnote * brittle bones/nails * The paint was brittle with age. * She had thin, brittle, permed hair. * a brittle temperament * a brittle laugh * ‘Not at all,’ she said in a brittle voice, avoiding his eye.

Answer 33

a person who believes that everyone is equal and should have the same rights and opportunities | bình đẳng ## Footnote He described himself as ‘an egalitarian’.

Random words to learn (6) Flashcards

(57 cards)