RAT20

Question 1

Methylnaltrexone, Alvimopan, Naloxegol

Answer 1

peripheral mu antagonist; constipation/vomiting from narcotics

Question 2

Lacosamide

Answer 2

Enhances slow inactivation of Na+ channel, modulates CRMP-2 to prevent aberrant formation of neural cxns; partial seizure prevention, neuropathic pain

Question 3

Buprenorphine

Answer 3

mu receptor agonist, occupies mu receptor in reward pathway; narcotic abstinence

Question 4

Lamotrigine

Answer 4

Stabilize inactivated Na+ channel; GTPC + partial and absence seizures, neuropathic pain

Question 5

Codeine

Answer 5

PARTIAL mu receptor agonist; cough, SE: RNV

Question 6

Clonidine

Answer 6

a2 agonist, reduces firing of CNS neurons under narcotic influence; narcotic withdrawal SE: sedation

Question 7

Naloxone

Answer 7

opioid receptor (mu + kappa + delta) antagonist; narcotic overdose

Question 8

Benzocaine

Answer 8

topical LA that blocks open and inactivated Na+ channel, barely soluble in water; mucosa, skin, patch

Question 9

Celecoxib

Answer 9

reversible inhibitor, relatively COX2 selective; pain, inflammation, OA, SE: thromboembolitic events

Question 10

Aspirin

Answer 10

irreversible, non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase; pain, fever, inflammation; SE: bleeding, peptic ulcer

Question 11

Oxycodone, Hydrocodone

Answer 11

mu receptor agonist; postoperative outpatient analgesia, chronic pain, cough, SE: RNV

Question 12

Thiopental, Propofol, Etomidate

Answer 12

Increase GABAa receptor fxn, GA (contraindicated in hypovolemia and porphryias/ reduces ICP and causes pain/ stable hemodynamics but causes myoclonus)

Question 13

Vigabatrin

Answer 13

GABA aminotransferase inhibitor; GTPC + partial seizures

Question 14

Ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, sulindac, diclofenac

Answer 14

Reversible, non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase; OA, gout attack

Question 15

Meloxicam

Answer 15

reversible, somewhat COX2 selective inhibitor; pain, inflammation, OA, SE: bleeding, peptic ulcer

Question 16

Acetaminophen

Answer 16

reversible inhibitor of COX2 in CNS; pain, fever, OA, but no inflammatory, SE: acute hepatitis

Question 17

Clonazepam, Phenobarbital

Answer 17

Increase GABAa receptor amplitude/duration of IPSP; GTPC + partial seizures

Question 18

Lidocaine, Bupivicaine

Answer 18

reversibly blocks open and inactivated Na+ channel; LA for intra/post operative analgesia

Question 19

Fentanyl, Sufentanil

Answer 19

mu receptor agonists, highly lipophilic; pre/intra operative analgesia, SE: RNV

Question 20

Ethosuximide

Answer 20

Inhibition of low threshold Ca++, prevent discharge of thalamic relay neurons; absence seizures

Question 21

Pentazocine

Answer 21

kappa receptor agonist, partial mu receptor agonist; analgesia without euphoria

Question 22

Methadone

Answer 22

mu receptor agonist, occupies mu receptor in reward pathway; narcotic abstinence, chronic pain, SE: RNV

Question 23

Alprostadil

Answer 23

synthetic PGE1, causes vasodilation; ED, PDA keep open

Question 24

Loperamide

Answer 24

peripheral mu agonist; diarrhea

Question 25

Morphine

Answer 25

mu receptor agonist; postoperative/end of life analgesia in hospital, SE: RNV

Question 26

Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Zonisamide, Topiramate

Answer 26

Stabilize inactivated Na+ channel; GTPC + partial seizures, C,T: neuropathic pain

Question 27

Tramodol

Answer 27

Partial mu receptor agonist + NE/5-HT transport; mild pain

Question 28

Perampanel

Answer 28

Non-competitive antagonist of AMPA glutamate receptor; GTPC + partial seizures

Question 29

Tetracaine

Answer 29

topical LA that blocks open and inactivated Na+ channel, ester; cornea + longest procedures

Question 30

Gabapentin, Pregablin

Answer 30

Opposes synaptic adhesion, Bind y regulatory subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, reduce number of excitatory synapses; neuropathic pain and seizures

Question 31

Valproate

Answer 31

Stabilize inactivated state of Na+ channel, inhibits Ca++, inhibits HDAC; ALL seizures BUT most teratogenic

Question 32

Heroin

Answer 32

mu receptor agonist, DA reward pathway activation, SE: RNV

Question 33

Sevoflurane, Desflurane, Isoflurane

Answer 33

GA, increase GABAa receptor fxn; inhalation anesthetic

Question 34

Tiagabine

Answer 34

GABA transport inhibitor; GTPC + partial seizures

Question 35

Nitrous oxide

Answer 35

NMDA receptor antagonist; mild analgesic effect, used to reduce requirement of other inhalational GA

Question 36

Midazolam, Diazepam

Answer 36

Benzo; sedation, anxiolysis, amnesia before/during surgery

Question 37

Levetiracetam

Answer 37

Binds SV2A synpatic vesicle protein, modulates excessive NT release; GTPC + partial seizures

Question 38

Ketamine

Answer 38

NMDA channel blocker; dissociative anesthesia causes hallucinations and delirium