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Fundamental Patterns of Knowing in Nursing
Carper
Knowledge has?
patterns, forms and structure
Understanding these patterns is essential for?
the teaching and learning of nursing
Each pattern of knowing involves
distinct processes for developing knowledge
Primary emphasis is placed on the development of
the science of nursing
Each pattern may be conceived as
necessary for achieving mastery in the discipline
But none of them alone…
should be considered sufficient . We need all four ways of knowing.
Carper Defines the “Patterns of Knowing” as:
Empirics
Esthetics
Personal knowledge
Ethics
Empirics:
The science of nursing - Current, proposed
Esthetics:
The art of nursing
Personal knowledge:
You know it, gurrrl!
Ethics:
The moral component
Carper presents
Empirics as the Science and Esthetics as the Art of nursing
