Reading 16 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Nursing’s Fundamental Patterns of Knowing
Chinn and Kramer
Carper Defines the “Patterns of Knowing” as:
Empirics: The science of nursing
Esthetics: The art of nursing
Personal knowledge
Ethics: The moral component
Empirics: The science of nursing - Current, proposed
GEW
Grounded in science
Expressed in practice as competent action grounded in empiric knowledge, including theory
What many people observe and agree upon is an objective truth
Aesthetics: The art of nursing
An appreciation of the meaning of the situation
Moving beyond the surface to sense the meaning of the moment and connect with the human experiences that are unique for each person
Knowing what to do in the moment, instantly, without conscious deliberation
Personal knowledge
Knowing one’s Self in a non-objectified way as well as the Self in relation to others
Without this component of knowing, the idea of the therapeutic use of Self in nursing would not be possible
Ethics: The moral component
Matters of obligation
What ought to be done
Goes beyond knowledge of the norms or ethical codes of conduct: it involves moment to moment judgments about what out to be done, what is good/right, what is responsible
What did Chinn and Kramer add to this? pattern of
Emancipatory knowing
Emancipatory knowing
AKA?
What are essential components?
Focus is on?
AKA ~ The praxis of nursing
Awareness and critical thinking.
Identification and mitigation of inequities that are embedded within society.
Developing an awareness of social problems that limit human potential, identify circumstances that create/sustain those conditions, and determining what is needed/taking action to create social change.
Emancipatory knowing expressed in
action plans, activist projects, manifestos
Process of emacipatory knowing is
praxis
The product is
emacipatory changes shaped by praxis
Nursing involves processes, dynamics and interactions that are most effective when the five knowing patterns all come together. Praxis is possible when all patterns of knowing are integrated in a way that supports social justice. What does praxis mean??
Moving beyond just practicing and engaging processes that undo any social inequities that the nurse finds to be present in the health care environment.
The nurse considers the situation and does something about it.
Example of nursing situation that uses all 5 patterns of knowing – taking care of person who has gotten into a gun fight/shoot out
Empirical
aseptic irrigation of gunshot wound
Aesthetic knowing
sensing how vigorously to irrigate the wound for effectiveness w/o creating unnecessary discomfort
Personal knowing
being aware of bias r/t gun control
Ethical
keeping personal feelings about guns in check
Emancipatory knowing
is integrated with the four knowing patterns when the nurse encourages gun shot victim to speak out politically about the situation in their violent neighbourhood. (sounds like a good idea in the ghetto)
What are “patterns gone wild”??
When knowledge is developed in isolation w/o consideration of all patterns of knowing leads to uncritical acceptance, narrow interpretation, partial use of knowledge
What is central to emancipatory knowing?
remaining critically reflective and open to empiric, ethical, personal and aesthetic insights
Nursing’s unique perspective and the particular contributions nurses bring to care come from?
the whole of knowing
This wholeness has survived despite
a cultural and contextual dominance of empiric knowing
A shift to a balance in knowledge development to reflect each of the patterns of knowing in nursing holds potential to…
bring the realm of knowledge development and the realm of practice together
Emancipatory Knowing is the human capacity to…
critically examine the social, cultural, & political status quo, & figure out how & why it came to be
The nurse needs to understand…
the nature of knowledge and how it contributes to larger social problems, considering power dynamics that create knowledge
