Realis RBT Definitions and Abbreviations

Question 1

What is positive reinforcement?

Answer 1

When a behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of the behavior in similar conditions

Positive reinforcement encourages the repetition of a behavior by providing a favorable outcome.

Question 2

Define positive reinforcer.

Answer 2

A stimulus whose presentation or onset functions as reinforcement

An item must increase the future likelihood of a behavior to be considered a reinforcer.

Question 3

List the 5 types of positive reinforcers.

Answer 3

• Edible
• Activity
• Tangible
• Social
• Sensory

These categories represent different ways to reinforce behavior.

Question 4

What is negative reinforcement?

Answer 4

When a behavior is followed immediately by the removal of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of the behavior in similar conditions

Negative reinforcement strengthens behavior by removing an unfavorable condition.

Question 5

Define negative reinforcer.

Answer 5

A stimulus whose termination (or reduction in intensity) increases the future likelihood of a behavior

Negative reinforcers serve to promote desired behaviors by alleviating discomfort.

Question 6

What is positive punishment?

Answer 6

A behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus that decreases the future frequency of behavior

Positive punishment involves adding an unpleasant consequence to reduce a behavior.

Question 7

Define negative punishment.

Answer 7

A behavior is followed immediately by the removal of a stimulus (or decrease in intensity of the stimulus) that decreases the future frequency of similar responses under similar conditions

Negative punishment aims to reduce behavior by taking away a pleasant stimulus.

Question 8

What is an unconditioned reinforcer?

Answer 8

A stimulus change that can increase the future frequency of behavior without prior pairing with any other form of reinforcement

UCRs are inherently reinforcing and do not require learning history.

Question 9

Provide examples of unconditioned reinforcers.

Answer 9

• Food
• Water
• Warmth
• Sleep

These are biologically based reinforcers.

Question 10

What is a conditioned reinforcer?

Answer 10

When a previously neutral stimulus acquires the ability to function as a reinforcer through stimulus–stimulus pairing with one or more unconditioned or conditioned reinforcers

CRs depend on learning history and development.

Question 11

List examples of conditioned reinforcers.

Answer 11

• Toys
• Tokens
• Money
• Social attention
• Praise

These reinforcers gain their value through association with unconditioned reinforcers.