Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry Unit 2 - Higher Tier Mr Parks Booklets > Redox, Rusting and Iron > Flashcards

Redox, Rusting and Iron Flashcards

(44 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is oxidation

A

Gain of oxygen
Loss of Hydrogen
Loss of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Examples of oxidation

A

Tarnish on metals
Rust
Combustion Reactions
When food goes off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is reduction

A

Loss of oxygen
Gain of Hydrogen
Gain of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Examples of oxidation reactions in terms of oxygen

A

2Mg + O2 = 2MgO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Examples of reduction reactions in terms of oxygen

A

Ca + 2H20 = Ca(OH)2 + H2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Example of Oxidation in terms of hydrogen

A

2HI = H2 + I2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Example of Reduction in terms of Hydrogen

A

Cl2 + H2 = 2HCl.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Example of Oxidation in terms of electrons

A

Cl- = Cl2 + 2e-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Example of reduction in terms of electrons

A

Pb2+ + 2e- = Pb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a redox reaction

A

Is when something is oxidised and something else is reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Example of an redox reaction

A

CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do a redox reaction cause through the oxidising agent

A

Oxidation by:
Provide the oxygen
Remove the hydrogen
Remove the electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does a reducing agent cause the redox reaction

A

Remove the oxygen
Provide the hydrogen
Provide the electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can copper oxide be reduced to copper

A

By using hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What colour is copper oxide

A

Black solid. Often forms on surface of copper as a tarnish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can you tell that a copper reaction has taken place

A

Colour change from black to pink-ish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can you test the liquid given off is water in the copper oxide with hydrogen reaction

A

Use anhydrous copper sulphate (white to blue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Oxidation of sulphur formula (redox example)

19
Q

What colour is sulphur and what colour is oxygen

Study These Flashcards
A

Sulphur is a yellow powder and oxygen is a colourless powder

20
Q

What colour flame does sulphur burn in oxygen to form

Study These Flashcards
A

Blue flame producing sulphur dioxide

21
Q

What is Sulphur Dioxide

Study These Flashcards
A

Colourless gas, toxic with a pungent smell

22
Q

What is Rusting

Study These Flashcards
A

When iron rusts the iron is oxidised it forms hydrated iron oxide by gaining oxygen water is also needed

23
Q

Rusting forumla

Study These Flashcards
A

4Fe + 3O2 + 4H2O = 2Fe2O3.2H2O

24
Q

Formula for the combustion of fuels

Study These Flashcards
A

CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2H2O
Both carbon and hydrogen are oxidised

24
What is the combustion of fuels
When fuels burn they react with oxygen and release heat e.g. methane
25
Extraction of metals (e.g. aluminium and iron)
Aluminium and Iron are found naturally as aluminium oxide and iron oxide. Oxygen is removed to obtain metal, so aluminium and iron are reduced
26
Extraction of metals formulas
Electrolysis: 2Al2O3 = 4Al + 3O2 Blast Furnace: Fe2O3 + 3CO = 2Fe + 3CO2
27
Manufacture of ammonia
Nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia. Known as Haber-Bosch reaction
28
Formula of ammonia
N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3 Nitrogen is reduced because it is gaining hydrogen
29
Respiration
Glucose is broken down in the cells of living organisms to produce energy
30
Respiration formula
C6H12O6 = 6CO2 + 6H2O
31
What is the full chemical name for rust
Hydrated Iron (III) Oxide
32
Why do people prevent rust
Rusting costs country tonnes of millions of pounds
33
Methods of preventing rusts
Painting Oiling Plastic Coating Galvanising (iron objects are coated with a more reactive metal such as zinc or chromium) Sacrificial protection ( when more reactive metal is attached to iron. Water will react with more reactive metal before reacts with iron)
34
How is Iron extracted from its ore
Through use of the blast furnace
35
What raw materials are needed in order to extract Iron from the blast furnace
Iron ore (iron oxide/ haematite; Fe2O3) Coke (C) limestone (calcium carbonate: CaCO3)
36
How many stages are there in the extraction of iron ore
1: Formation of reducing agent 2: Reduction of Iron Oxide to Iron 3 : Removal of the Impurity
37
What is Stage 1: formation of reducing agent in the Extraction process
Hot air is blown in at base of the furnace and coke burns to heat furnace to 1500-2000 degrees The carbon dioxide reacts with more coke to carbon monoxide (main reducing agent)
38
What are the formulas for stage 1: formation of reducing agent in the Extraction process
Carbon + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide C (S) + O2 (g) = CO2 (g) Carbon Dioxide + Carbon = Carbon Monoxide CO2 (g) + C (s) = 2CO (g)
39
What is stage 2: Reduction of Iron Oxide to Iron in the extraction process
Carbon monoxide with the iron oxide, reducing it to iron At 2000C the iron is molten. It sinks to the bottom and is run off there
40
Formula for stage 2: Reduction of Iron Oxide to Iron in the extraction process
Iron (III) oxide + Carbon Monoxide = Iron + carbon dioxide Fe2O3 (s) + 3CO (g) = 2Fe (l) + 3CO2(g)
41
What is stage 3: Removal of the Impurity in the extraction process
Main impurity is silicon dioxide (sa d) Limestone (calcium carbonate) added decomposes to calcium oxide Calcium oxide then combines with sandy impurities in the iron ore to form slag (calcium silicate). Calcium Silicate (known as slag) is less dense than iron. Floating on top of iron and is ran off using a different tap Hot waste gases, mainly nitrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide used to heat up air pumped into bottom of furnace reducing energy costs Main impurity in crude iron is carbon. Crude iron turned into steel by lowering its carbon content (too much carbon makes iron brittle) and adding other metals (alloy formation)
42
formulas of stage 3: Removal of the Impurity in the extraction process
Calcium Carbonate = Carbon Dioxide + Calcium Oxide CaCO3 (s) = CO2 (g) + CaO (s) Calcium Oxide + Silicon Dioxide = Calcium Silicate CaO (s) + SiO2 (s) = CaSiO3 (l)
43
What are the uses of iron
90% of all metal that is refined today is iron Most iron is used to manufacture steel. Which is an alloy Iron and Steel are used in bridges and structures because of their high strength Cast Iron are used in pipes, valves and pumps Stainless steel is used in architecture, jewellery Alloy Steels - Bicycle Chains, cutting tools and rifle barrels Iron catalysts – Haber Process and Fischer–Tropsch process for converting syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) into liquid

Chemistry Unit 2 - Higher Tier Mr Parks Booklets (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions