reflexes

Question 1

Rooting reflex

Answer 1

• Stroke corner of mouth
• movement of tongue,mouth, head toward stimulus
• 28 weeks’ gestation to 3 months

Question 2

Suck-swallow reflex

Answer 2

-Index finger in mouth with head in midline
- strong, rhythmic sucking
- 28 weeks gestation to 2-5 months

Question 3

Traction reflex

Answer 3

• Grab forearms and pull sit to stand
• flexion of upper extremities
• 28 weeks gestation to 2-5 months

Question 4

Moro reflex

Answer 4

• rapidly drop infants head back
• arm extension/ arm abduction, hand opening
• arm flexion and adduction
• 28 weeks gestation to 4-6 months

Question 5

Plantar grasp

Answer 5

• Apply pressure to ball of foot
• toe flexion
• 28 weeks gestation to 9 months

Question 6

Galant

Answer 6

• Prone suspension, scratch or tap alongside spine
• lateral trunk flexion and wrinkling of skin on stimulated side
• 32 weeks gestation to 2 months

Question 7

Asymmetric tonic neck (ATNR)

Answer 7

• fully rotate head and hold for 5 seconds
• extension of extremities on face side and flexion on skull side
  -37 weeks gestation to 4-6 months

Question 9

Palmar grasp

Answer 9

• Finger in infants palm
• finger flexion; reflexive grasp
  -37 weeks gestation to 4-6 months

Question 10

Tonic labyrinthine supine

Answer 10

• infant in supine
• increased extensor tone
• > 37 weeks gestation to 6 months

Question 11

Tonic labyrinthine prone

Answer 11

• Infant in prone
  -Increased flexor tone
• > 37 weeks gestation to 6 months

Question 12

Landau

Answer 12

• Infant in horizontal prone suspension
• extension of head, trunk, and extremities
• 3-4 months to 12-24 months

Question 13

Symmetric tonic neck (STNR)

Answer 13

-Infant in crawling position and extend head
- flexion of hip and knees
- 4-6 months to 8-12 months

Question 14

Neck righting (on body) (N O B)

Answer 14

• Infant in supine and fully turn head to one side
  -Log rolling of entire body to maintain alignment with head
• 4-6 months to 5 years

Question 16

Body righting (on body) ( B O B)

Answer 16

• Infant in supine, flex one hip and knee toward chest and hold briefly
  -Segmental rolling of upper trunk to maintain alignment
• 4-6 months to 5 years

Question 17

Labyrinthine/ optical (head) righting

Answer 17

• infant suspended vertically and tilt slowly (about 45°) to the side, forward, or backward
• upright positioning of head
• birth-2 months

Question 18

Downward parachute (protective extension downward)

Answer 18

• rapidly lower infant toward supporting surface while suspended vertically
• Extension of lower extremities
  -4 months

Question 19

Forward parachute ( protective extension forward)

Answer 19

• Suddenly tip infant forward toward supporting surface while vertically suspended
• sudden extension of upper extremities, hand opening, and neck.
• 6-9 months

Question 20

Sideward parachute (protective extension sideways)

Answer 20

• Quickly but firmly tip infant off balance to the side while in sitting
• arm extension and abduction to the side
• 7 months

Question 21

Backward parachute (protective extension backward)

Answer 21

• quickly but firmly tip infant Off balance backward
• backward arm extension or arm extension to one side spinal rotation
• 9-10 months

Question 22

Prone tilting

Answer 22

• Prone position, slowly raise one side of supporting surface
• curving of spine toward raised side, abduction/extension ot arms and legs
• 5 months

Question 23

Supine tilting and sitting tilting

Answer 23

-supine position, slowly raise one side of supporting surface
- curving of spine toward raised side, abduction/extension of arms and legs
- 7-8 months

Question 24

Quadruped tilting

Answer 24

• positioned on all fours, slowly raise one side of supporting surface
• curving of spine toward raised side, abduction/extension of arms and legs
• 9-12 months

Question 25

Standing tilting

Answer 25

- Positioned in standing, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface - curving of spine toward raised side, abduction /extension of arms and legs - 12-21 months