Reform And Legislation Under Gladstone's First Ministry 1868-1874 Flashcards
(38 cards)
Name three causes of change (introduction of reform) by 1851
Working conditions
Child labour
Cholera epidemic
Christianity/ Philanthropy
Gladstone was less concerned about social reform and more concerned about what? (1)
Ireland
Gladstone did not believe that all men were…
Equal
In Education, 3 Royal commissions were set up to look at schools where?
England and Wales
Which 2 acts allowed girls to attend school from 1868/69?
The Public Schools Act
The Endowed Act
W.E Forster pioneered the Education Act of which year?
Why was it difficult to implement?
1870
It interfered with church schools
What were the aims of Forster’s Education Act? (2)
Elementary education
Closing the gap
Education payable by local rates
Elected school boards
Who opposed Forster’s Education Act?
Non conformists
What was the Cowper-Temple Clause in the act?
Schools didn’t have to teach a particular religion in RE
What act developed women’s rights in 1870?
Name two changes which this act brought for women
Married Women’s Property Act
Income earned by wife was hers, property of a wife was hers, inheritance of property or money of up to £200 was hers. It made women liable for maintenance from profits of any inheritance
How did people get a job in Civil service prior to 1870?
Family connections
The Northcote -Trevelyan Report in 1855 suggested what changes?
Jobs on Merit/Tests
From 1873, which two government departments began to test their applicant for jobs leading to employment by merit not family connections?
Home Office and Foreign Office
Which Act removes the test that restricted University teaching jobs to Anglican only??
Universities Tests Act 1871
When was the Local Government Act introduced?
1871
What did the Local Government Act do?
Set up local Government board headed by Cabinet Minister to bring together previously split departments of health, sanitation, roads etc. Made for better legislation, more efficient
What was the name and year of the Act intended to reorganize the Courts system in England and Wales?
What did it intent to abolish?
The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873
The role of the House of Lords as the highest court
Why was the HoL not abolished?
Disraeli reflected in 1874, he passed an act to ensure the HoL kept judicial powers and to ensure their quality
The Public Heath Act 1872 resulted in how many local health boards?
721
Name 3 limitations of the act
There was no proper coverage, small areas concerned and some had no coverage at all.
The act was purely administrative and did little to change things.
It gave no powers to local governments
What year was the Licensing Act passed?
Name one if the group’s who opposed it
1872
Brewers and distillers
Name two of the measures of the Licensing Act
Licenses had to be given by a Magistrate who could recuse if too many pubs in one area.
Pubs had to close at midnight in towns and 11PM in rural areas
Practices such as adding salt to beer to make drinkers thirsty were banned
Name 2 political consequences of the Act
Brewers switched allegiances to the conservatives
Gladstone lost the 1874 election
What was instigated army reforms?
Crimea
