Relationships and connections

Question 1

What is a place?

Answer 1

Any space which has had human interaction. Humans place a context to the space, and geographers study this theme by looking at the characteristics that distinguish one place from another.

Question 2

What is a space?

Answer 2

The geographical container in which all processes occur i.e. the land and the physical processes that have, and continue to, produce it.

Question 3

What is scale?

Answer 3

The range/scope/size to which we distinguish/contain space and/or place.

Question 4

What are the different types of inhabitancy in the rural-urban continuum from smallest to largest?

Answer 4

Isolated dwelling
Hamlet
Village
Town
City
Metropolis
Conurbation
Megalopolis

Question 5

What is an isolated dwelling?
Give example

Answer 5

1-2 buildings, one family
No services

A farm

Question 6

What is a hamlet?
Give example

Answer 6

Less than 100 people, small population
Very few services
Few buildings

Southwaite

Question 7

What is a village?
Give example

Answer 7

Population from hundreds-thousands
Not many services. May have:
- church
- pub
- village shop
- primary school
- post office

Clifton

Question 8

What is a town?
Give examples

Answer 8

Population range from 1,000 - 100,000
Sub categories: large/small
Range of services/amenities
- primary and secondary school

Penrith - small
Blackpool - large

Question 9

What is a city?
What is a megacity?
Give examples

Answer 9

Population over 10s of thousands - usually over 300,000
Sub categories: large/small
Abundant services
- primary, secondary, uni
- high street brands

Megacity = more than 10 million - Tokyo

Salisbury - small
Leeds - large

Question 10

What is a metropolis?
Give example

Answer 10

Large city and its suburbs
Multiple cities and towns
Population usually between 1-3 million

Greater Manchester

Question 11

What is a conurbation?
Give example

Answer 11

A group of large cities/towns
3-10 million people
Huge range of services
Technology

Greater London

Question 12

What is a megalopolis?
Give example

Answer 12

A group of conurbation
More than 10 million each

Taiheiyo Belt, Japan

Question 13

What is topophobia?

Answer 13

Fear of a place due to intense negative experiences there

Question 14

What is topophillia?

Answer 14

A strong sense of place with a love of certain aspects of the place.
Can be part of a person or groups cultural identity.

Question 15

How do people form connections to a place?

Answer 15

• lived experiences
• media
• experiences of others
• perspective

Question 16

What is place perspective?

Answer 16

A combination of lived experiences and perception of the place

Question 17

What is localism?

Answer 17

A preference for a place closest to you

Question 18

What is regionalism?

Answer 18

Identification with a distinct region
e.g. cornish not english

Question 19

What is nationalism?

Answer 19

Strong identification and love for ones country PATRIOTISM

Question 20

What is globalism?

Answer 20

Referring to yourself as a global citizen

Question 21

How can we define a place?

Answer 21

Location
Locale
Sense of place

Question 22

What is location?

Answer 22

The geographical place on the map

Question 23

What is locale?

Answer 23

The combination of social processes within a location to give it meaning

Question 24

What is the sense of place?

Answer 24

When an attachment forms between person and place due to a lived experience, or when the place has a distinct or unique character possibly contributed to by the people who live there/social customs/economic status/jobs

Question 25

What is placelessness?

Answer 25

When a place in similar to lot of other places and doesn't have its own special character

Question 26

What is place making/regeneration?

Answer 26

Planning, design and management of public spaces by the government or local authority. - upgrading existing places or drastic renewal schemes for rural and urban residential, retail, industrial or commercial areas

Question 27

What is rebranding?

Answer 27

places are given new or enhanced identity to increase their attractiveness and socio-economic viability - centres on place marketing

Question 28

What are insider and outsider perspectives?

Answer 28

Insider - the dominant group of people who have lived there for a long time. Feel safe and in control. They create the social norms and may be comfortable in the place e.g. knows the language, has family there Outsider - anyone who doesn't conform to the social norms or doesn't come from the area. They may have characteristics that do not fit the social norm e.g. gender, ethnicity, immigrant status, do not know the language. They may experience social or spatial exclusion e.g. anti-homelessness spikes.

Question 29

What is the difference between a real and constructed place?

Answer 29

Real - a place that can be visited Constructed - not real but still has a distinctive character or sense of belonging e.g. Hogwarts, Narnia

Question 30

What is the difference between an experienced place and a media place?

Answer 30

Experienced = one you have physically visited and so you have associations and emotional attachments to it Media = one you have experienced through the media so that you may have associations or connections to them through your own perceptions

Question 31

What in Genus Loci?

Answer 31

'Spirit of the place' The things that make the place unique and can only be understood by experiencing the place

Question 32

What factors affect the character of a place?

Answer 32

- land use - demographic characteristics - economic characteristics - topography and physical location - infrastructure

Question 33

What processes drive the change of places?

Answer 33

FLOW OF: - people - capital - investment - resources makes some places socially/economically dynamic, makes others left out and marginalised from wealth and opportunity - this can create/exacerbate economic/social inequalities between and in local areas

Question 34

How can the flow of people change places?

Answer 34

- demographic - feel - crime levels - job opportunities - culture

Question 35

What is studentification?

Answer 35

The social and environmental changes caused by very large numbers of students living in particular areas on a town or city

Question 36

Give examples of how migration has had an impact on place?

Answer 36

1. Rusholme, Manchester 'Curry Mile' - inward migration means similar people cluster together to form enclaves of Asian descent - lots of shops and services will be this kind of demographic to they appeal to people living in the area 2. Chinatown (Toronto) - big influx of migration so the same kind of people can all live together to share culture/get along together - buildings altered/culture restores to make it mean home to these people - turns into a neighbourhood to be lived in and shared

Question 37

How can migration influence place positively?

Answer 37

- cultural diversity/multiculturalism - tourism and global image - economic growth and innovation - character change/image enhancement

Question 38

How can migration influence a place negatively?

Answer 38

- cultural clashes - gentrification - shortages (houses, jobs, services) - decline/transformation of industry

Question 39

Give an example of how foreign ownership can cause issues

Answer 39

St George Wharf Tower, Vauxhall - more than 60% foreignly owned - each property sells for average £2.2m MOSTLY EMPTY = - loss of character - less people paying council tax - local amenities not supported - dereliction and crime - uproar about housing crisis and lack of affordable homes