Relationships Eval

Question 1

Sexual Selection

Answer 1

+ Buss: Survey 10000 adults, 33 countries
() Females value resource, males value physical attractiveness

• • Overlook social and cultural factors:
    () Culture changes much faster than evolution: Women don’t need men support

+ Clark and Hatfield:
() “I have been noticing you around campus, I find you very attractive, would you go to bed with me tonight”
() 0% female, 75% male, females choosier
() Buss and Schmitt: Both choosy for long-term relationship

Question 2

Self-disclosure

Answer 2

+ Real world application
() Haas and Stafford: 57% of homosexuals said self-disclosure was the main way they maintained and deepened their relationship
() Could be used to improve relationships

• Cultural differences:
  () Nu Tang: Individualist cultures sexually-disclose more than collectivst (USA vs CHINA) but no difference in satifaction

+ Sprecher and Hendrick Support:
() Studied heterosexual dating using correlatins
() Found self-disclosure lead to be satifaction
CC: Correlational study

Question 3

Physical Attractiveness

Answer 3

+ Research support:
() Palmer and Peterson: Physically attractive people were rated as more politically knowledgable

+ Cunningham (Evolutinary support):
() Cultural consistency: Women with large eyes, prominent cheekbones, small nose, high eyebrows, more attractive

+ Taylor:
() Researchers found people went for those more attrative in popular dating site
CC: Dating selection not the same as relationship selection

Question 4

Filter Theory

Answer 4

• Markey and Markey:
  () Lesbian couples of equal dominance most satisfied
  () Mean of 4.5 years together
• Montoya Meta Analysis: 313 studies found percieved similarity was much more important

+ Kerckhoff and Davis:
() Longitudinal study found in 2 questionnaire 7 months apart that closeness similarity for st and complementary for lt
CC: Levinger - studies have failed to replicate. 18-months doesnt mean deeper relationship.

Question 5

Social exchange theory

Answer 5

• Direction of cause and effect of satifaction and profitablity
  () SET says we are disatisfied because costs outweigh rewards
  () Argyle: We dont weigh costs and rewards until after disatifaction
• Vague concepts:
  () Stuff like “having partners loyalty” is hard to operationalise

+ Kurdeck support: homo and hetero couples
() Committed partners viewed alternatives as unnattractive and percieved most rewards with least costs
CC: Ignores equity

Question 6

Equity Theory

Answer 6

• Cultural limitations: Aumer-Ryan
  () Individualist cultures US: Equitable relationship
  () Collectivist culture Jamaica: Overbenefitting
• Individual differences:
  () Huseman: BENEVOLENTS and ENTITLEDS

+ Research support:
() Utne: 118 couples between 16 and 45
() Equittable relationship the most satisfying
CC: McQuinn and Berg: Relationships ended and continue did not differ in equity

Question 7

Rusbult investment model

Answer 7

+ Explains abusive relationships:
() Initmate partner violence
() Rusbult and Martz: Women most likely to return to abusive partner if big investment was made

• Oversimplifies:
  () Goodfriend and Agnew: Extended to future plans because early relationships have few investments

+ Le and Agnew Support:
() Meta analysis: 52 studies, 11000 participants
() All factors relationship commitment
() True across genders, culture, sexual orientation
CC: Correlational