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RELIGION FINAL HINDI + BUDDHISM Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

rig veda

A

collection of 1017 sanskrit hymns, Hindu sacred text
oldest sacred text

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2
Q

moksha

A

liberation or realse of the individual self

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3
Q

brahman

A

the eternal essence of relaity and the source of the universe beyond the reach of human perception

source of existence is in everything around you

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4
Q

upanishads

A

a collection of over 200 texts that provide philosophical commentary on the vedas

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5
Q

atman

A

ultimate reality within, the eternal self

individual life/soul the divine spark will be reunited with its source (personality is not transferred)

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6
Q

samsara

A

wheel of rebirth or reincarnation

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7
Q

bahagavad-gita

A

song of the blessed lord

a short section of the epic poem. MOST SACRED POPULAR TEXT

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8
Q

karma

A

action
moral law of cause and effect of actions

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9
Q

dharma

A

ethical duty based on the divine order of reality

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10
Q

caste system

A

shudra, vaishya, kshatriya, brahmin

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11
Q

brahmin

A

The highest of the four classes, priests

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12
Q

skhatriya

A

2nd out of the four classes, warriors and administrators

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13
Q

shudra

A

The lowest of the four caste system, made of servants and laborers

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14
Q

vaishya

A

3rd out of the 4, producers, farmers, merchants, etc

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15
Q

sannasin

A

a wandering ascetic who has advanced to the fourth and highest stage of life

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16
Q

ascetic

A

One who renounces physical pleasures and worldly attachments for the sake of spiritual advancement

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17
Q

kama

A

pleasure, especially of sensual love, one of the four goals

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18
Q

artha

A

material success and social prestige

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19
Q

karma marga

A

path of works
One of the three Hindu paths to salvation, emphasizing performing right actions

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20
Q

jnana marga

A

the path of knowledge
paths to salvation, emphasizing knowing the true nature of reality through learning and meditation

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21
Q

maya

A

cosmic illusion brought by divine creative pwoer

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22
Q

yogaa

A

connection between self and other parts of our human makeup

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23
Q

samadhi

A

trancelike state in which self consciousness is lost

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24
Q

bhakti marga

A

path of devotion, most popular ways of hindu paths to salvation, devtion to ones chosen god or goddess

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25
avatar
incarnation or living embodiment of a deity like vishnu or krishna
26
vishnu
blue avatar preserver
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cow veneration
protection of cows because it is a central fact of Hinduism
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Shiva (god)
destroyer
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4 stages of life
Studies of vedas: student Raising family: householder Birth of grandchild: forest dweller stage Sannyasin: wandering ascetic
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sati
Women getting burned, so she is not a widow alone with her husband
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brahma
creator
30
ganges river
The feet of lord vishnu can clean impurities from the body
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sannyasin
wandering ascetic
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puja
worship
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om
sacred syllable
34
guru
Wpiritual teacher or guide who helps students achieve spiritual knowledge and advancement.
35
ramayana
The Ramayana is a central text in Hinduism and is a Sanskrit epic that narrates the life of Rama, the seventh incarnation of the god Vishnu.
36
middle way
the basic buddhist teaching that rejects both pleasures of sensual indulgance and self denial
37
nirvana
blowing out the ultimate goal of all buddhists
38
sangha
the buddhist community of monks and nuns (of the the three jewels)
39
buddha
awakened one siddhartha gautama and all others have by their own insight attained perfect enlightenment
40
dharma
the teaching of the Buddha one of the three jewels of Buddhism
41
stupa
or shrine is built on a place where the buddha preached his first sermon at deer park
42
4 passing sights
Saw an old man Diseased man Copres (learned of death and suffering) Wandering ascetic
43
three marks of existance
anatta (no- self) anicca (impermanace) dukka (suffering)
44
anatta
Pali: no self one of the three marks of existence denying a permanent self
45
anicca
one of the three marks of existence "impermance" all exisent things are constantly changing
46
5 precepts
basic moral requiremnts that are binding for all buddhists
47
four noble truths
the central teachings of buddhism 1. to experience suffering 2. suffering is caused by desire 3. the cessation of suffering can be archied 4. the noble 8th fold path
48
dukka
"suffering, frustration, dislocation or discomfort" Buddhist insight that suffering is part of the human condition (1st out of 4 noble truths)
49
tanha
Pali "desire" "thrist" or "craving" selfish desire which causes dukkha
50
noble eightfold path
the fourth of the four noble truths; defines the basic practices of Buddhism that lead to nirvana
50
arhat
one who has become enlightened; the idea type for theravada buddhism
51
Theravada
"the way of the elders:
52
Mahayana
The largest of Buddhism three divisons prevalent in China, Japan, and Korean, encompasses a variety of forms, including those that emphasize devotion and prayer to the Buddhas
53
Bodhisattvas
Future Buddhas, as the ideal types for Mahayana Buddhism beings who have experienced enlightenment but motivated by compassion stop short of entering nirvana so as it help others achieve it
54
vajrayana
"the vehicle of the diamond"
55
mandals
circle patterned icons that visually excite --> used in Vajrayana Buddhism to exchange meditation
56
mudras
coreographed hand movements used in rituals of vajrayana buddhism
57
mantras
phrases or syllables chanted to evoke a deity or to enhance meditation used in hinduism and Buddhism
58
dalai lama
spirtual leader of the vajrayana buddhism believed to be an incaration to bodhisattva
59
zen buddhism
meditation
60
arhat
worthy one
60
koan
a seemingly paradoxical or nonsensical statement,
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religion for ez (14 decks)

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