Religious Changes in Western Europe 1500-1700 Flashcards
Criticism of catholic church from within
Scholars eg Holebein, Erasmus, Thomas More
Key tenet of humanism
Benevolence toward humans
How was the CC criticised?
Too worldly (less spiritual, papacy brokering peace treaties)
Papacy political
Churches interest in tax and wealth
Nepotism/Simony/
Uneducated clergy
Indulgences
Reduction in punishment- purification through purgatory
Associated with corruption
Tenets of Lutheranism
Predestination (no free will)
No man made activity can produce salvation (indulgences)
The Word of God
Lutheranism on the Word of God
Nothing should detract- churches should be less ornate
Ministry > ceremony and rites
Teaching should be in the vernacular
Tenets of Calvinism
Salvation cannot be bought or earned by man
Limited atonement (God chooses)
Once chosen, you cannot lose your salvation
Political difference between Lutheranism and Calvinism
Lutheranism was established in locations where princes and authorities desired
Calvin worked hard to detach church from state in Geneva
Why did Calvinism appeal?
Cut across class lines
Spread through print press
Disadvantages of Calvinism to the masses
Its method of print press propaganda meant that it did not reach pre-literate rural areas
Structure of Calvinist church
Independent of the state
Evidence of conflict as a result of the Reformation
The German Peasants War
Lutheran’s belief on the relationship between church and state
Independent but should work with each other
Peace of Augsburg 1555
Stated that the religion of the head of state is the religion of the state
Cause of German Peasants War
Opposed Luther’s co-operation with elites
Saw themselves as servants of God
