RENAL 1 Flashcards
(13 cards)
NAME THE LAYERS YOU SEE THE BLOOD FILTER THROUGH IN THE GLOMERULAR CAPILLARY FOR GLOMERULAR FILTRATION.
1) SIMPLE SQUAMOUS FENESTRATED ENDOTHELIUM CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM
2) GLOMERULAR BASEMET MEMBRANE
3) EPITHELIUM COVERED WITH VISCERAL LAYER OF THE BOWMAN’S CAPSULE (PODOCYTES) WITH SLIT-THIN DIAPHRAM
WHERE ARE THE JG CELLS?
What do they do?
Physio Consequence?
1) Along the Afferent arteriole (cortex of the nephron)
2) Secrete Renin to INCREASE blood Volume/pressure via Na/H20 REABS.
3) Renin for RAAS will convert ANGIOTENSIONOGEN to ANG 1
where are the macula densa cells
along dct–> cortex of the nephron
what cells constitue the juxtaglomerular COMPLEX
Juxtaglomerular cells (AA)
Mesangial Cells
Macula densa (DCT)
Where are patients more likely to develop Kidney stones?
Why?
1) UteroPelvic Junction
RENAL Pelvis ——> Ureter
2) Diameter decreases as we go from RENAL Pelvis to Ureter
What is the size of the stone needed to get past the Ureter?
8mm
X >8mm> Y
X= Stays and obstructs UPJ
Y= Trave through and possibly past URETER
Pathway of the Ureter past kidney
(START): Posterior abd wall (r–> T12-L3)(L–> L1-L3)
1) Goes down the Posterior Abd wall (<8mm)
2) Runs along ANTERIOR Psoas Major Muscle (<8mm)
3) Reaches over pelvic Brim (common iliac is bifurcating pt) (<5mm)
2ND AREA FOR STONE
4) Travels to the Pelvic portion of the Ureter
5) Go to Wall of Bladder
3RD AREA FOR STONE (<3mm)
Ureterovesicle junction
***most common site for a ureteral stone, narrowest pt of the pathway
6) becomes urethra and stone passes through w/o getting stuck!
Where is the nephron located?
Renal Lobe (cortex and Medulla)
What structures are located in the Renal Cortex?
Cortex:
1) Glomerular capillaries
2) PCT
3) DCT (macula densa)
4) Collecting Tubules
5) Part of the Collecting ducts
What structures are located within the medulla?
Medulla:
1) Thin ascending/ descending LOH
2) Thick ascending LOH
3) Part of collecting dict
Nephritic vs Nephrotic
Nephritic:
+rbc casts and dysmorphic rbc
+Proteinuria (<3.5)
Nephrotic
+fatty casts/Ovid bodies
+Protein uria (>3.5)
+edema
Nephritic vs Nephrotic
Nephritic:
+rbc casts and dysmorphic rbc
+Proteinuria (<3.5)
Nephrotic
+fatty casts/Ovid bodies
+Proteinuria (>3.5)
+edema
Infection-associatedglomerulonephritis is:
1) What type of H/s
2) for adults and kids
+ 3
+ Kids: GASP- throat infection that resolved spontanously2-4 weeks after pharyngeal or skin infection
+Adults: in addition to group A streptococcus can also because by staphylococcus. Seen during infection; infection site is variable but usually not upper respiratory tract. Must be identified on culture as no serologic test available. May progress to renal insufficiency.
