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Useful Extra Facts > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Cause of epidydmitis in older people

A

e.coli

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2
Q

cause of epidydimitis in younger

A

chlamydia

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3
Q

Treatment of epididymitis in under 35s or new sexual partner

A

doxycycline

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4
Q

Epidydmitis treatment in over 45s

A

ofloxacin

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5
Q

Investigation of epididymitis

A

2 urine samples, one first past and one mid stream

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6
Q

Treatment of hydrocele

A

aspirate

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7
Q

Varicele more likely in what side

A

left

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8
Q

most common testicular cancer

A

seminoma

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9
Q

treatment of seminoma

A

radio

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10
Q

PLAP

A

seminoma

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11
Q

Teratoma treatment

A

chemo

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12
Q

Penile cancer drains where

A

inguinal lymph nodes

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13
Q

Where do testicular and bladder spread

A

paraaortic

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14
Q

Peeing, is it para or sympathetic

A

para

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15
Q

what nerve controls external sphincter

A

pudendal

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16
Q

what kind of bony mets does prostate cancer

A

sclerotic

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17
Q

Urge incontinence in elderly can give what

A

mirabegron

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18
Q

Hydronephrosis need to do what

A

percutaneous nephrostomy

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19
Q

UTI white cell count

A

more than 10^5

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20
Q

what UTI doesn’t produce nitrates

A

enterococcus

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21
Q

Who deffo needs an MSSU in UTI

A

males, pregnant women, immunocompromised and children

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22
Q

male UTI duration

A

7 days

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23
Q

female UTI duration

A

trimethoprim 3, nitro 7

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24
Q

Pylonephritis treatment in community

A

co-amox then co-trimox

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25
Q

Type of anaemia in CKD

A

normocytic normochromic anaemia

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26
Q

Everyone with AKI should get what screen

A

myeloma screen

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27
Q

Brown tumour

A

CKD, osteitis fibrosis cystic on X ray

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28
Q

Which CKD stages need evidence of KD

A

1 and 2

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29
Q

Stop what drugs in an AKI

A 
Diuretics
Ace I
ARBs
Aspirin high dose
Metformin
NSAIDs
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30
Q

How much protein in nephrotic syndrome

A

> 3g in 24hrs

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31
Q

What drugs can be given in CKD?

A

ace I, statin, aspirin, EPO injections

Calcium/Vit D

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32
Q

Proliferative - nephritic or nephrotic?

A

nephritic

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33
Q

Commonest glomerulonephritis?

A

IgA

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34
Q

HIV get what type of glomerulonephritis

A

focal segmental

35
Q

Who gets membranoproliferative

A

SLE

36
Q

Podocyte fusion

A

minimal change

37
Q

tram track appearance

A

membranoproliferative

38
Q

starry sky

A

post strep

39
Q

fatty casts

A

nephrotic syndrome

40
Q

waxy casts

A

CKD

41
Q

Frothy urine

A

nephrotic syndrome

42
Q

Hyaline casts

A

normal OR dehydration

43
Q

hyaline casts are caused by what protein

A

Tam hosval mucoprotein

44
Q

macroalbuminaemia is how much ?

A

> 30mmol or >3g in 24hrs

45
Q

Diabetic and macroalbuminaemia give what

A

ACE

46
Q

Target BP of diabetic with kidney disease

A

130/80

47
Q

what may cause renal artery stenosis

A

fibromuscular dysplasia (congenital)
OR
atherosclerosis

48
Q

String of beads

A

fibromuscular dysplasia

49
Q

renal bruit

A

renal artery stenosis

50
Q

ARPKD

A

liver issues

51
Q

what tissue type is renal cell carcinoma

A

clear cell

52
Q

What happens to RBCs in renal cell carcinoma

A

increase

53
Q

Wilm’s treatment

A

surgery and chemo

54
Q

Renal cell cancer treatment

A

surgery

55
Q

Alport’s inheritance

A

ad

56
Q

Hearing loss type in alport’s

A

sensorineural

57
Q

Is there thrombocytopenia in Henoch Schonloin

A

no

58
Q

Minimal change treatment

A

oral prednisolone

59
Q

Eosinophilic casts

A

chronic pyelonephritis

60
Q

What virus is common after organ transplant and what is treatment?

A

cytomegalovirus, ganciclovir

61
Q

What kind of murmur can anaemia cause?

A

aortic stenosis

62
Q

Most common cause of peritonitis from PD

A

staph epidermidis

63
Q

erythropoietin injections in CKD allow for what

A

inproved exercise tolerance

64
Q

PURE proteinuria

A

nephrotic syndrome

65
Q

commonest nephrotic syndrome in adults

A

focal segmental

66
Q

GFR in preg?

A

increases

67
Q

What bi polar medication can cause polyuria

A

lithium

68
Q

What does circumcision reduce rate of

A

HIV

69
Q

Side effecs of tamsulosin

A

dizziness, dry mouth, depression, postural hypotension

70
Q

side effects of finasteride

A

ED, reduced libido, ejaculation problems, gynaecomastia

71
Q

Angiomyolipoma of kidney

A

tuberous sclerosis

72
Q

TUR syndrome

A

reduced sodium, fluid overload, glycine increased

73
Q

Complications of transurethral resection

A

TUR syndrome
Urethral stricture/UTI
Retrograde ejac
Perforation of prostate

74
Q

Commonish complicatino of vasectomy

A

chronic testicular pain

75
Q

What kind of catheter if urethral fracture

A

suprapubic

76
Q

Curved penis

A

Peyronie’s disease

77
Q

under 2cm can do what for renal stone

A

lithrotipsy

78
Q

Large, proximal renal stone treatment?

A

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

79
Q

Epidydymo-orchitis may occur after what

A

surgical intervention

80
Q

mumps causes what

A

orchitis

81
Q

what is goserelin

A

GnRH agonist

82
Q

Seminomas vs teratomas, which has better prognosis?

A

seminomas

83
Q

commonest testicular cancer in young

A

teratoma

Useful Extra Facts (8 decks)

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