RENAL FUNCTION Flashcards
What is the structure of the urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
What is the role of the ureters?
Transport urine from kidneys to bladder
What is the role of the urinary bladder?
Temporary storage for urine
What is the role of the urethra?
Transports urine our if the body
What is a nephron?
Urine forming units of the kidneys
What is the function of the loop of henle?
Reabsorbs water and soudium chloride
What is the ascending limb of the loop of henle?
allows movement of irons
what is the function of the descending limb?
allows movement of water
What is the role of the bowman’s capsule?
A part of the nephron that Filtrates blood and collects glomerular filtrate
What is the first filtration step of making urine?
Glomerular
What does the glomerular filtration rate show?
Shows how well kidneys are filtering
What is GFR influenced by?
Hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure
What are the mechanisms of GFR?
Renal autoregulation, hormonal regulation, neural regulation
What are the two types of mechanisms in renal autoregulation?
Myogenic regulation and tubuloglomerular feedback
What happens when GFR is too high?
Required substances can’t be absorbed quick enough and get lost in urine
What happens when GFR is too low?
Everything including waste is reabsorbed
Why is GFR tested?
To determine substance clearance
What stage is CKD?
5
How is GFR tested?
- creatinine
- insulin
- single shot (doesn’t require urine)
What is the role of the renin- angiotensin system?
Regulates blood volume, aterial pressure, cardiac and vascular function
What is renin and where is it released from?
An enzyme released from juxtaglomerluar
Where is renin activated?
Kidneys (pro renin to renin)
What does renin convert?
Angiotensinigen to angiotensin I
What is the ACE enzyme responsible for converting?
Angiotensin I to II
