Renal overview

Question 1

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Answer 1

the filtration of plasma (blood) per minute
estimates how well the renal system is functioning
used to determine safe dosing

Question 2

normal GFR

Answer 2

90-120 mL/min

Question 3

low GFR

Answer 3

waste accumulation
60-90 is early kidney dz
15-60 is kidney dz
<15 is kidney failure

Question 4

high GFR

Answer 4

no time to reabsorption

Question 5

Creatinine clearance

Answer 5

low GFR = high creatinine concentration in the blood
approximates GFR

Question 6

RAAS system

Answer 6

kidneys sense a drop in BP
releases renin
converts to angiotensin
causes vasoconstriction
activates aldosterone
retain sodium

Question 7

Serum creatinine

Answer 7

the end product of muscle metabolism, needs to be expelled
how much is in blood
one of the things kidneys are filtering
the. most accurate test for renal function
(not the same as clearance)

Question 8

normal serum creatinine

Answer 8

0.6-1.2 mg/dL
(varies slightly for men and women)

Question 9

Specific analysis (UA)

Answer 9

concentration of solutes in urine (relative to water)

Question 10

Normal specific analysis range

Answer 10

1.010-1.030 (water is 1.000)

Question 11

normal pH of urine

Answer 11

4.6-8.0 (acidic)

Question 12

BUN

Answer 12

blood urea nitrogen
normal range is 10-20mg/dl
affected by protein intake, so not as reliable

Question 13

Normal creatine clearance

Answer 13

~125mL/min