Renal Studies Flashcards
(51 cards)
2 main tests for renal function
Urea and creatinine
creatinine levels are directly related to what?
Skeletal muscle mass
why is creatinine a good measure of glomerular filtration?
it is metabolized at a fairly constant rate
Where is BUN created?
in the liver
Why can BUN:creatinine ratio be used as an indicator for renal function?
Because creatinine is usually stable
Azotemia
build up of waste products in blood (usually urea) due to the decrease in filtration of renal system and inability to clear these substances
Uremia
symptomatic stage of renal failure (end stage of renal failure)
what are the 3 tests to approximate the stages of renal disease ?
24 hour urine collection, cock-croft gault formula, MDRD
How much does creatinine levels begin to decline at age 30-40?
0.8mL/min
What must you get in the 24 hours of a urine creatinine?
a serum creatinine
What causes a decrease in creatinine?
normal aging process, decline in kidney function
what does 24-hour creatinine measure?
the serum creatinine to urine
What are the measurable waste products of the kidneys?
Creatinine, urea, uric acid
What does GFR measure?
uses the serum creatinine levels to calculate how much fluid is cleared by the kidneys
Declining GFR could mean what?
declining kidney function = fluid/waste retention
steady declines in GFR could mean what?
nearing end stage renal failure
What does the cock-croft gault formula take into account?
age, gender, weight
What does MDRD take into account?
age, gender, race
What race is more likely to have renal disease?
african americans
how much protein is lost in a day with nephrotic syndrome?
3.5 g/day
what Protein test is used in high risk patients with a negative dipstick?
Spot albumin: creatinine
what test measures 24 hour protein excretion?
Spot protein:creatinine
What test measures 24 hour albumin excretion
spot albumin:creatinine
abnormal level of protein in urine in healthy patient
> 150mg/24hr
