Renal XII: UTI and Urinary Tract Neoplasms

Question 1

_______: chronic or recurrent infections with non-obstructive pyelonephritis and renal scarring

Answer 1

Reflux nephropathy

Question 2

A common complication of UTI with Proteus infection is ______.

Answer 2

Stones

Question 3

Bacterial Virulence allele that is more commonly seen in strains that cause UTI

Answer 3

P Pili

Question 4

Endotoxins may inhibit ______.

Answer 4

ureteral peristalsis

Question 5

In Vesicle-Ureteral reflux, the ureter enters the bladder with a more _______ orientation

Answer 5

perpendicular

Question 6

Most common pathogen in ascending UTI

Answer 6

E coli

Question 7

Most common pathogen in hematogenous UTI

Answer 7

S aureus and Group A strep

Question 8

Most common route of infection in UTI

Answer 8

Ascending infection

Question 9

Most common time of presentation for Vesicle-Ureteral Reflux

Answer 9

infancy

Question 10

Persons with blood group __ carry more uropathogenic strains

Answer 10

P1

Question 11

Pre-Disposing Factors (7)

Answer 11

Female, Catheterization, Urinary stasis, calculi, pregnancy, diabetes, vesical-ureteral reflex

Question 12

Risk factors for urothelial carcinoma (3)

Answer 12

Schistosoma haematobium infection, acrylamide exposure, smoking

Question 13

Two major causes of chronic pyelonephritis

Answer 13

Obstruction, Vesicle-Ureteral Reflux

Question 14

Which benign tumor? eosinophilic epithelial cells with numerous mitochondria, 5-15% of all renal neoplasms

Answer 14

Oncocytoma

Question 15

Which benign tumor? fibrous small (

Answer 15

Renal Fibroma (Hamartoma)

Question 16

Which benign tumor? small (5mm) nodules in the cortex, considered to be early cancer

Answer 16

Renal papillary adenoma

Question 17

Which benign tumor? vessels, smooth muscle, and fat; associated with tuberous sclerosis

Answer 17

Angiomyolipoma

Question 18

Which malignant tumor? 10-15% of renal cancers

Answer 18

Papillary carcinoma

Question 19

Which malignant tumor? 5-year survival ~45%

Answer 19

Clear cell carcinoma

Question 20

Which malignant tumor? 5% of renal cancers

Answer 20

Chromophobe renal carcinoma

Question 21

Which malignant tumor? 98% of tumors have loss of sequences on 3p

Answer 21

Clear cell carcinoma

Question 22

Which malignant tumor? Arises in the renal cortex and classically invades renal vein

Answer 22

Clear cell carcinoma

Question 23

Which malignant tumor? frequently multifocal

Answer 23

Papillary carcinoma

Question 24

Which malignant tumor? Implication of VHL gene in familial and sporadic cases

Answer 24

Clear cell carcinoma

Question 25

Which malignant tumor? Most common type

Answer 25

Clear cell carcinoma

Question 26

Which malignant tumor? Multiple chromosome losses, excellent prognosis

Answer 26

Chromophobe renal carcinoma

Question 27

Which malignant tumor? Nests of malignant cells within a fibrotic stroma, medullary region

Answer 27

Collecting duct carcinoma

Question 28

Which malignant tumor? no genetic pattern specific to the malignancy, aggressive behavior and poor prognosis

Answer 28

Collecting duct carcinoma

Question 29

Which malignant tumor? Originate from intercalated cells of collecting ducts

Answer 29

Chromophobe renal carcinoma

Question 30

Which malignant tumor? Prominent cell membranes and pale eosinophilic neoplasms with a halo around the nucleus

Answer 30

Chromophobe renal carcinoma

Question 31

Which malignant tumor? single tumor that is yellow-gray with varied appearance

Answer 31

Clear cell carcinoma

Question 32

Which malignant tumor? Trisomies of 7, 16, and 17 or loss of Y in sporadic cases

Answer 32

Papillary carcinoma

Question 33

Which malignant tumor? Trisomy 7 in genetic cases

Answer 33

Papillary carcinoma

Question 34

Which urinary tract abnormality? account for 90% of urinary tract tumors

Answer 34

Urothelial Carcinoma

Question 35

Which urinary tract abnormality? tumor-like lesion that presents as a small mass projecting into the lumen

Answer 35

Fibroepithelial Polyp