Reoviridae

Question 1

Reoviruses have ____ symmetry

Answer 1

icosahedral

Question 2

Reoviruses have a triple layer _____

Answer 2

capsid

(outer, middle, and inner layers)

Question 3

Reoviruses are ____ stranded RNA

Answer 3

double stranded

Question 4

Reoviruses have a ____genome

Answer 4

segmented

Question 5

Do Reoviruses have an envelope?

Answer 5

No

Question 6

Reoviruses replicate in the ____

Answer 6

cytoplasm

Question 7

Within the cell, reoviruses survive within a ____

Answer 7

vesicle

Question 8

Reoviruses undergo genetic _____, which is when a single cell is infected by two parent viruses that create progeny that have gene segments from both parents

Answer 8

recombination

Question 9

When you hear Blue Tongue, what animal should you think of?

Answer 9

sheep!

(and sometimes white tail deer)

Question 10

____ play a vital role in spread of Blue Tongue because they are the primary reservoir

Answer 10

Cattle

Question 11

Blue Tongue is a list ___ disease and has serious public health consequences

Answer 11

A

Question 12

Blue Tongue is caused by Ovine ____

Answer 12

Orbivirus

Question 13

Blue tongue outer shell is composed of 2 capsid proteins ____ and ____, which determine antigenic differences

Answer 13

VP2 and VP5

Question 14

How is Blue Tongue transmitted?

Answer 14

Cullicoides variipennis var sonorensis

*biting midge

*trans-placental and veneral play a smaller role

Question 15

What serotypes of Blue tongue are most common in the US?

Answer 15

2, 10, 11, 13,and 17

Question 16

Blue tongue causes extensive damage to _____

Answer 16

vascular endothelium

Question 17

Where does Blue Tongue replicate in the body?

Answer 17

macrohpages and endothelial cells of blood vessels

Question 18

Blue tongue causes a severe ___ reaction

Answer 18

febrile

Question 19

What are some common clinical signs of blue tongue in sheep?

Answer 19

edema

nasal discharge

cyanosis of tongue (blue tongue)

Ulceration of oral cavity

Coronitis and Laminitis in feet

Aborted fetuses

Question 20

Is blue tongue as severe in cattle as it is in sheep?

Answer 20

No, usually less sever or inapparent in cattle

Question 21

What is the best solution for Blue tongue?

Answer 21

Vaccination

*usually sertype specific

Also, vector control

*insectisides, house animals indoors at night

Question 22

True/False: African Horse sickness causes high mortality in horses

Answer 22

True

*75-90%

Question 23

____ sometimes contracts fatal Africal Horse sickenss via ingestion of infected horse meat

Answer 23

dogs

Question 24

African Horse Sickness is caused by genus _____

Answer 24

Orbivirus

Question 25

What two proteins of African Horse sickness form the basis of classification of the virus?

Answer 25

VP2 VP5

Question 26

How is African Horse Sickness transmitted?

Answer 26

Cullicoides Imicola or Cullicoides Bolitinos

Question 27

What is the reservoir host for African horse sickness?

Answer 27

zebras

Question 28

What are the clinical findings of acute (pulmonary) african horse sickness?

Answer 28

profuse nasal discharge petechia of pulmonary pleura pulmonary edema frothy fluid in lungs

Question 29

What are some clinical findings of subacute (cardiac) african horse sickness?

Answer 29

edema of eyelid and muscle hydropericardium petechia of apex of cecum (large intestine)

Question 30

What is the best way to prevent African horse sickness?

Answer 30

Vaccination Control of vector \*If animals are infected they are normally disposed of to reduce further spread of the virus

Question 31

What virus is the major cause of viral diarrhea in the young of mammals and birds?

Answer 31

Rotavirus

Question 32

Rotavirus has a ____ appearance

Answer 32

wheel like

Question 33

Rotavirus has the ____ protein in the middle layer

Answer 33

VP6

Question 34

Group ___ Rotavirus are the most common cause of viral diarrhea

Answer 34

A

Question 35

Rotavirus is classified based on what outer capsid proteins?

Answer 35

VP7 VP4 \*Forming the basis of Rotavirus vaccine

Question 36

What does P1A[8] stand for with Rotavirus?

Answer 36

1A is serotype 8 is the genotype

Question 37

How is Rotavirus transmitted?

Answer 37

Fecal-oral route

Question 38

Is rotavirus stable in the environment?

Answer 38

Yes! very stable

Question 39

Where in the body does Rotavirus live?

Answer 39

mature enterocytes of small intestine

Question 40

What does Rotavirus cause damage to?

Answer 40

Villi become damaged and fused \*leading to no absorption

Question 41

Why is NSP4 important for Rotavirus?

Answer 41

activated phospholipase C Release of calcium that stimulates nerve endings on endocrine cells Leads to Diarrhea

Question 42

What is the main clinical sign of Rotavirus?

Answer 42

Diarrhea

Question 43

What age group is most susceptible to Rotavirus?

Answer 43

Less than 3-5 weeks old

Question 44

How can you judge severity of dehydration in Rotavirus?

Answer 44

Check eye to see if sunken in Skin test- elasticity

Question 45

What is the most common diagnosis for Rotavirus?

Answer 45

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Question 46

Are there vaccines for Rotavirus?

Answer 46

vaccines are available but do not work well \*pregnant animals are vaccinated so they can pass down immunity

Question 47

True/False: Rotavirus is not zoonotic

Answer 47

False! Rotavirus is zoonotic

Question 48

Avian Reovirus is caused by what genus?

Answer 48

Orthoreovirus

Question 49

What does Avian Reovirus cause in chickens?

Answer 49

viral arthritis

Question 50

Avian Reovirus is primarily a disease of what type of chickens?

Answer 50

Broilers \*meat type

Question 51

How is Avian Reovirus transmitted?

Answer 51

Fecal oral route

Question 52

Where does Avian reovirus localize in the chicken?

Answer 52

hock joint \*swollen and inflamed hock joints

Question 53

What are the best ways to diagnose Reoviruses as a whole?

Answer 53

clinical signs necropsy virus isolation PCR serological test- ELISA

Question 54

what is the best treatment for Avian reovirus?

Answer 54

Vaccinate Hen to pass immunity to chicks \*chicks are most susceptible