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Linde's Sets > Repro Path additional cards > Flashcards

Repro Path additional cards Flashcards

1
Q

What would you see in the repro tract of a mini schnauzer with PMDS?

A

normal external genitalia
testes attached to cranial end of uterine horns
have: oviducts, uterus, cervix & anterior vagina

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2
Q

What causes PMDS?

A

lack of MIS or receptor –> persistent Mullerian ducts

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3
Q

Where is the Wolffian duct derived from?

A

mesonephric ridge

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4
Q

Where is the Mullerian ducts derived from?

A

lateral surface of mesonephric ridge

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5
Q

How is the undifferentiated gonad formed?

A

primordial germ cells migrate from embryonic yolk sack to genital ridge

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6
Q

Mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts give rise to?

A

epididymis, ductus deferens, & seminal vesicles

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7
Q

The urogenital sinus of males gives rise to?

A

prostate & bulbourethral glands

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8
Q

Paramesonephric (Mullerian) duct gives rise to?

A

oviduct, uterus, cervix & ANTERIOR vagina

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9
Q

Urogenital sinus of females gives rise to?

A

CAUDAL vagina

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10
Q

How is sexual differentiation achieved in the male?

A
  1. gene on Y chromosome –> SRY–> testes w/ Sertoli cells
  2. testes produce MIF –> regresses Mullerian ducts
  3. Leydig cells –> testosterone –> Wolffian ducts remain
  4. Testosterone –> DHT –> external genitalia
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11
Q

How is sexual differentiation achieved in the female?

A
  1. No Y chromosome–> no MIH–> Wolffian ducts regress
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12
Q

Which type of pseudohermaphrodite is more common?

A

male w/ male gonadal tissue

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13
Q

What is the best example of chimera in vet med?

A

Freemartin

female & male calf twins

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14
Q

Pathogenesis of Freemartinism?

A
  1. mixing of blood between male & female calf twins
  2. partial masculinization of female –> sertoli cells –> MIF
  3. uterus & vagina never connect
  4. external genitalia is often female
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15
Q

What are the 2 forms of bacterial oophoritis? (RARE)

A
  1. pyogenic –> D & C–> ascending infection

2. granulomatous –> M. bovis & B. suis

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16
Q

Which species most commonly gets paraovarian cysts?

A

mares

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17
Q

Cystic ovarian dz. is most common in what animals? Manifestation?

A

dairy cows

Anesturs

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18
Q

What is believed to cause Cystic Ovarian Dz?

A

Lack of a LH surge

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19
Q

Cystic ovarian dz can also be an important source of infertility for _____.

A

sows

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20
Q

What causes Cystic Ovarian dz in sows?

A
  1. multiple large cysts –> 2-3 cm diameter–> progesterone –> irregular cycles
    small multiple cysts–> 1 cm –> “grapes” –> estrogen & irregular cycles
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21
Q

When does cystic ovarian dz affect dairy cows?

A

60 post partum

more frequent in winter months

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22
Q

Most common ovarian neoplasm in the mare & cow?

A

Granulosa cell tumor
often benign
can be fxnal –> estrogens, androgens or inhibin

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23
Q

Fxnal Granulosa Cell Tumor secreting Inhibin will cause what?

A

Anestrus in the mare or cow (less frequent)

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24
Q

Fxnal Granulosa Cell Tumor secreting Androgens will cause what?

A

Stallion-like behavior in the mare

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25
Fxnal Granulosa Cell Tumor secreting Estrogens will cause what?
nymphomania in the mare
26
What 2 species is Uterine Prolapse common?
ruminants & sows
27
What is an important cause of infertility in domestic animals?
uterine inflammation | most from ascending infections
28
When is the uterus more susceptible to infection?
under the influence of PROGESTERONE
29
How can bacteria gain entry to the uterus?
result of abnormal delivery of dead or diseased fetus
30
Persistent penile frenulum is most common in what animal?
Bull
31
Pathogenesis of persistent penile frenulum?
CT of frenulum does not rupture causing ventral deviation of the penis once it's extended
32
Common causes of orchitis/epididymitis in bulls?
``` B. abortus Trueperlla pyogenes Staph. sp. Strep sp E. coli ```
33
Common causes of orchitis/epididymitis in rams?
B. ovis | Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
34
Common causes of orchitis/epididymitis in bucks?
B. melitensis T. pyogenes C. pseudotuberculosis
35
Common causes of orchitis/epididymitits in dogs?
B. canis E. coli P. vulgaris B. dermatitidis
36
Common causes of orchitis/epididymitis in boars?
B. suis T. pyogenes Strep zooepidemicus/equisimilis
37
Common causes of orchitits/epididymitits in stallions?
Salmonella | Strep. equi/zooepidemicus
38
What species frequently gets seminal vesiculitits?
bull --> reduces semen viability | due to T. pyogenes, Staph, Strep., Mycoplasma or IBR & BVD
39
3 most common testicular neoplasms in dogs?
1. Interstitial Cell Tumor (Leydig cell tumor) --> gonadal stromal 2. Seminoma --> germ cell 3. Sertoli Cell Tumor --> gonadal stromal
40
What is a teratoma? Are they common? in what?
1. Testicular germ cell tumor composed of multiple tissues that are foreign to the part in which they arise 2. rare 3. young horses that are cryptorchid
41
Pathogenesis of TVT in dogs?
1. infecting cells are transplanted like a graft 2. tumor has 59 chromosomes (normal dog cells=78) 3. "promiscuous" dog populations 4. often spontaneously regress if dog is healthy 5. metastasis can occur
42
Category I biopsy on the Kenney-Doig Endometrial Biopsy Scale?
essentially normal | inflammation or fibrosis is slight & sparsley scattered
43
Predicted foaling rate of a mare w/ a Cat. I biopsy?
80-90%
44
Category IIA on the Kenney-Doig Endometrial Biopsy Scale?
mild, scattered inflammation & fibrosis | endometrial atrophy in late breeding
45
Predicted foaling rate of a mare w/ a Cat. IIA biopsy?
50-80%
46
Category IIB on Kenney-Doig Endometrial Biopsy Scale?
Moderate, scattered inflammation & fibrosis
47
Predicted foaling rate of a mare w/ a Cat. IIB biopsy?
10-50%
48
Category III on Kenney-Doig Endometrial Biopsy Scale?
severe irreversible changes
49
Predicted foaling rate of a mare w/ a Cat. III biopsy?
10%
50
Which animals have diffuse placentas? (A)
horse & pig
51
Which animals have zonary placentas? (A)
dog & cat
52
Which animals have cotyledonary placentas? (A)
ruminants
53
Which animals have epitheliochorial placentas? (H)
horse, pig & ruminants
54
Which animals have endotheliochorial placentas? (H)
dog & cat
55
What is the most common route of entry of bacteria into the mammary gland?
teat orifice or teat duct
56
What 2 ways can Mycoplasma enter the mammary gland?
Hematogenous spread or teat orifice
57
What are the coagulate (-) Staph.?
S. xylosis S. warneri S. simulans
58
How does Trueperella enter the mammary gland?
through teat orifice (ascending) or deep cutaneous wound (suppurative mastitis)
59
What 2 things cause viral mastitis in small ruminants?
``` Sheep = Visna-Maedi Goats= CAE ```
60
Most common cause of infertility in the male?
testicular atrophy/degeneration
61
Preputial laceration & prolapse is common in what animals?
Brahma & Brahma-crossed bulls due to their excessive length & volume of preputial sheath
62
What is $5 word for inflammation of the penis & prepuce?
balanoposthitis
63
Which animal can get Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia?
older unspayed dogs that have not been mated
64
What is commonly associated w/ Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia?
pyometra &infertility problems

Linde's Sets (16 decks)

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