Reproduction

Question 1

What is the lining of the uterus? {female}

Answer 1

This thickens every month in order to receive a fertilised egg

Question 2

What is the Uterus? {womb} {female}

Answer 2

This is where a foetus will develop

Question 3

What is the Oviduct {Fallopian tube} {female}

Answer 3

Eggs travel along this tube on the way to the Uterus

Question 4

What is a testicle? {male}

Answer 4

Sperm is made here

Question 5

When does the height spurt in most girls end?

Answer 5

Fourteen years

Question 6

What is the cervix? {female}

Answer 6

This is the narrow opening between the vagina and uterus

Question 8

What is the Sperm Duct? {male}

Answer 8

Sperm travels along this on the way to the urethra

Question 9

What is the vagina? {female}

Answer 9

Sperm enters the body here

Question 10

Who starts puberty first, girls or boys?

Answer 10

Girls start puberty first.

Question 12

What is the Ovum? {female}

Answer 12

The Ovum is the egg cell, and a food store

Question 13

What is the Penis? {male}

Answer 13

Fills with blood and becomes erect before sexual intercourse - to help pass sperm into the vagina

Question 15

What are hormones?

Answer 15

Hormones are chemicals that make puberty start.

Question 16

What is the average amount of time for a woman’s menstrual cycle to take place?

Answer 16

28 days

Question 17

What is the scrotum? {male}

Answer 17

It holds the testicles outside the body to keep the sperm cool

Question 18

What is the hormone in men called and where is it made?

Answer 18

In men the hormone is called Testosterone and is made in the testicles

Question 19

Where does fertilisation happen

Answer 19

Fertilisation happens in the Fallopian tube / oviducts

Question 20

Which sperm can get into the woman’s egg cell?

Answer 20

The first speed that reaches the egg cell is the only one that can get in.

Question 21

What is the hormone in females called and where is it made?

Answer 21

The hormone in females is called oestrogen and is made in the ovaries

Question 22

What is the time range for a woman to have her period and does this apply to every woman?

Answer 22

The rough cycle is 3-7 days, however not all woman have this exact cycle, this is just the average.

Question 25

How long does it take the entire menstrual cycle to happen?

Answer 25

It takes between 20 -40 days do the entire cycle

Question 26

When does the height spurt in most boys end?

Answer 26

The height spurt in most boys end at sixteen years

Question 27

For boys, what age does the growth of the penis start at?

Answer 27

The penis starts growing at twelve and a half years

Question 28

What is external gestation?

Answer 28

External gestation is the process of the baby developing outside of the mother’s body, for example in eggs.

Question 30

What is the Menstrual Cycle?

Answer 30

The ‘period’, it happens in girls

Question 31

What happens in days 1-4 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 31

If no embryo is emplaned, the cycle starts again. The lining of the uterus begins to break down {the bleeding/menstruation/period}

Question 32

How often does the fertilised egg cell divide to double the number of cells?

Answer 32

It takes about a day to divide.

Question 33

What happens between days 4 - 14 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 33

The lining of the uterus thickens and lines up again

Question 34

What part of the girl takes the longest to develop?

Answer 34

The breasts take the longest to develop

Question 35

What happens between days 14-28 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 35

The Uterus lining stays thick, waiting for an embryo. If no embryo is implanted the cycle starts again.

Question 36

What travels across the placenta from the mother to the foetus?

Answer 36

Oxygen and nutrients diffuse (travel) across the placenta from the mother to the foetus

Question 37

What happens on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 37

The ovary a release an egg

Question 38

Where does the umbilical cord grow and how is it joined to the foetus?

Answer 38

The umbilical cord grows in the wall of the uterus and is joined to the foetus by the placenta

Question 39

What is fertilisation?

Answer 39

Fertilisation is when the nucleus of a sperm cell and the nucleus of an egg cell fuse {join} together, forming a fertilised egg

Question 40

What does the placenta do?

Answer 40

The mothers blood does not mix with the foetus' blood, but he placenta lets substances pass between the two blood supplies.

Question 41

What is gestation?

Answer 41

Gestation is the process of the young developing {the nine month process of gestation in humans, for example} where the baby grows and develops.

Question 44

What is external fertilisation and give an example of one species that undergoes it

Answer 44

External fertilisation happens outside the mother's body, and a species that undergoes it is frogs

Question 45

What is the ovary? {female}

Answer 45

Eggs {ova} are made, stored and released from here

Question 46

How does an embryo become a foetus?

Answer 46

The embryo keeps dividing and these cells become specialised. At eight weeks, the embryo becomes a foetus.

Question 49

What travels across the placenta from the foetus to he mother?

Answer 49

Waste substances such as carbon dioxide diffuse (travel) across the placenta from the foetus to the mother

Question 50

What is the foetus surrounded by and what is this liquid contained in?

Answer 50

The foetus is surrounded by amniotic fluid, which is kept in an amniotic sac. It leaves room for the baby to move.

Question 51

What is internal gestation?

Answer 51

Internal gestation is the process of the baby developing inside the mother's body, for example in humans in their stomach.

Question 52

Name three risky things a mother shouldn't do when pregnant

Answer 52

``` All of the below are acceptable: Swimming Gym Smoking Drinking Sky-diving Going on a zip wire Sleeping on their stomach Running the marathon Eating a lot of food Not eating enough food ```

Question 53

What does the umbilical cord remove from the foetus?

Answer 53

The umbilical cord removes waste substances from the foetus.

Question 55

In external and internal gestation, which offspring is Mathew when hatched/born and which offspring is immature?

Answer 55

External Gestation = Mature Internal Gestation = Immature

Question 57

What is internal fertilisation and give one example of a species that undergo it

Answer 57

Internal fertilisation happens inside the mother's body and a species that undergoes it is humans

Question 59

What is responsible for providing oxygen and nutrients to the foetus?

Answer 59

The umbilical cord

Question 61

How does a fertilised egg become an embryo?

Answer 61

The fertilised egg is one cell, it divides into 2, then 4, etc. When the ball of cells implants after 8 days, we call it an embryo.

Question 62

Name three positive things a mother can do when pregnant

Answer 62

``` All of the below are acceptable: Eat lots of vegetables Eat lots of fruits Talk to your baby Get plenty of rest Try not to be under any severe stress ```

Question 63

What is the Urethra? {male}

Answer 63

Sperm leave the body through this tube

Question 65

What are glands? {male}

Answer 65

These make and add fluid to the sperm which gives them energy to swim. {Sperm + Fluid = Semen}

Question 66

What takes the longest to develop in boys?

Answer 66

The pubic hair takes longest to develop in boys

Question 67

What is a foetus?

Answer 67

A foetus is a very early baby.

Question 69

What happens if the lining of the uterus isn't fertilised?

Answer 69

If it isn't fertilised, the lining of the uterus breaks down and leaves the body as bleeding from the vagina. This s called menstruation or a period.

Question 71

What is reproduction? {female}

Answer 71

Reproduction is two people or animals, one male and one female, taking part in sexual intercourse and creating a new life form

Question 73

What happens to a fertilised egg?

Answer 73

The fertilised egg becomes an embryo which travels to the uterus and attaches to the lining of the uterus {implantation}

Question 80

Why does the Menstrual Cycle happen?

Answer 80

The menstrual cycle happens to prepare the uterus link for a fertilised egg