reproduction system

Question 1

primary sex organs

1. structure
2. fxn

Answer 1

1. gonads

2. produce sex hormones & produce haploid gametes

Question 2

gonads

1. structure
2. fxn

Answer 2

1. ovaries/testes

2. make gametes

Question 3

define meiosis

Answer 3

sex cells division that results in 4 gametes w/ haploid chromosomes

Question 4

zygote

Answer 4

diploid cell resulting from union of egg and sperm

Question 5

secondary sex organs (3)

Answer 5

duct system
glands
external genitalia

Question 6

pampiform plexus

1. structure
2. fxn

Answer 6

1. veins surrounding testicular artery in spermatic cord

2. regulate temp by taking up heat

Question 7

cremaster & dartos muscle fxn

Answer 7

contract/relax to move testes closer/farther from the body to regulate temp

Question 8

spermatic cord

1. structure
2. fxn

Answer 8

1. fibrous CT surrounding blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, & ductus deferens
2. provide ‘safe’ passageway to inguinal canal

Question 9

interstitial cell

1. location
2. fxn

Answer 9

1. in interstitial space surrounding seminiferous tubules

2. produce androgens (i.e. testosterone)

Question 10

sustentacular cells

1. location
2. fxn

Answer 10

1. seminiferous tubules
2. nourish developing sperm
   & regulate development of sperm w/ inhibit & ABP

Question 11

spermatogonia

Answer 11

primordial stem cell that all sperm develop from

Question 12

primary spermatocytes

Answer 12

diploid sperm cell that undergo meiosis

Question 13

secondary spermatocyte

Answer 13

the resulting haploid sperm after primary undergo meiosis I

Question 14

spermatids

Answer 14

secondary spermatocytes complete meiosis II and become spermatids

Question 15

spermiogenesis

Answer 15

last stage of spermatogenesis

spermatids become sperm

Question 16

spermatogenesis

1. define
2. controlled by?

Answer 16

1. sperm development in the seminiferous tubule

2. higher FSH &LH levels after puberty

Question 17

rete testis fxn

Answer 17

sperm collection & send them to efferent vessels

Question 18

epididymis fxn

Answer 18

place for sperm storage & maturation

Question 19

ductus deferens fxn

Answer 19

transport & store sperm

Question 20

prostate gland

3 things secrete & fxn of each

Answer 20

1. citric acid →nutrients for sperm
2. seminal plasmin → antibiotic for UTIs
3. prostate specific antigen→liquifies semen

Question 21

bulbourethral gland fxn

Answer 21

secrete slippery mucus for lube

Question 22

seminal vessicles
3 secretions
& fxn of each

Answer 22

1. alkaline→activate sperm & reduce acidity of vagina
2. fructose →energy for sperm
3. prostaglandins→dilate cervix & thin cervical mucus

Question 23

GnRH fxn

Answer 23

stimulate release of FSH & LH

Question 24

FSH fxn

Answer 24

stimulate sustentacular cells to secrete ABP

Question 25

ABP fxn

Answer 25

binds testosterone for spermatogenesis

Question 26

1. inhibin fxn 2. why? 3. detected/secreted by?

Answer 26

1. inhibits FSH release 2. sperm production gets too high 3. sustentacular cells

Question 27

testosterone | 4 fxns

Answer 27

1. libido 2. maintain male sex organs 3. inhibit GnRH & LH release 4. secondary sex characteristics

Question 28

ovary structure

Answer 28

tunica albuginia →CT covering w/ germinal epithelium outer cortex inner medulla

Question 29

oogenesis

Answer 29

1. mitosis→prenatal, making oocgorium that develop into primary oocytes 2. meiosis I→finished monthly, a few primary oocytes develop into secondary oocytes 3. meiosis II→begins @ ovulation, finishes @ fertilization, completes meiosis II & become ovum

Question 30

corpus albicans

Answer 30

white scar tissue after corpus luteum

Question 31

corpus luteum | & fxn

Answer 31

what remains after oocyte is expelled secrete progesterone at o stimulate building of uterine lining

Question 32

ovary cortex

Answer 32

outer portion has follicles

Question 33

ovary medulla

Answer 33

areolar CT w/ blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves

Question 34

sperm | structure & fxn of each part

Answer 34

head →acrosome cap w/ enzymes to penetrate egg midpiece→w/ mitchondria for energy tail→move sperm

Question 35

ligaments of ovary

Answer 35

broad ligament→sheet like ovarian ligament→attaches to uterine wall mesosalpinx → b/t bread ligament & fallopian tube, holds both in place suspensory ligament→attaches to wall of pelvic cavity

Question 36

primordial follicle

Answer 36

has flattened cells | w/ primary oocyte

Question 37

primary follicle 1. structure 2. fxn

Answer 37

1. granulosa cells (cuboidal) & thecal cells | 2. secrete estrogen

Question 38

secondary follicle

Answer 38

has primary oocyte, layers of granulosa cells & antrum

Question 39

vesicular follicle

Answer 39

has secondary oocye & large antrum | one forms a month

Question 40

tunica albuginea

Answer 40

CT capsule around ovary

Question 41

ovarian cycle

Answer 41

1. follicular phase→day 1-13 FSH&LH stimulate follicles 2. ovlulation →day 14, vesicular follicle releases secondary oocyte 3. luteal phase →days 15-28 corpus luteum secretes estrogen & progesterone for uterine lining growth

Question 42

3 layers of uterine wall

Answer 42

perimetrium myometrium endometrium

Question 43

endometrium

Answer 43

functional layer →sheds monthly | basal layer →remains & rebuilds

Question 44

uterine tube | 3 parts & fxn of each

Answer 44

1. infundibulum w/ fimbrae →capture ovulated egg 2. ampula →site of fertilization 3. isthmus→transport to uterus

Question 45

spermatogenesis 1. define 2. controlled by

Answer 45

1. sperm development in the seminiferous tubule | 2. FSH&LH

Question 46

1 define spermatogonia 2 divide how? 3 result?

Answer 46

1. cells from which sperm arise (stem cells) 2 mitosis 3. 2 daughter cells

Question 47

what happens when the spermatogonia undergo mitosis?

Answer 47

2 daughter cells one stays a spermatogonium one becomes primary spermatocyte

Question 48

where does spermatogenesis happen?

Answer 48

seminiferous tubule