Reproductive Pathology of the Male

Question 1

Testicular Hypoplasia

Answer 1

Testes smaller than normal
<32cm scrotal circumference at 12 months of age
Associated with: cryptorchidism, chromosomal abnormalities, exogenous hormone treatment

Question 2

Tricolored Male Cats

Answer 2

Infertile
Testicular hypoplasia
XXY

Question 3

Cryptorchidism

Answer 3

Failure to descend into scrotum
Most common: pigs, dogs, horses
Unilateral more common than bilateral
Left = intra-abdominal
Right = inguinal
Increased risk of neoplasia, spermatic cord torsion

Question 4

Fertility with Cryptorchidism

Answer 4

Unilateral = potentially fertile
Bilateral = infertile, no spermatogenesis

Question 5

What is the most frequent cause of reduced fertility?

Answer 5

Testicular degeneration

Question 6

Orchitis

Answer 6

Inflammation of testis
Truma = local/regional
Infection = hematogenous
Brucella

Question 7

Periorchitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of tissue around testicle

Question 8

What are the 3 types of testicular tumor cells?

Answer 8

Leydig cells = interstitial cells
Sertoli cells = sustentacular cells
Germ cells = spermatogonia

Question 9

Interstitial (Leydig) Cell Tumor

Answer 9

Tan, discrete, soft
Most common in dogs
Minimal androgen production
Seldom metastasize

Question 10

Sertoli (Sustentacular) Cell Tumor

Answer 10

White, lobular, firm
Frequent in dog
Metastasis unusual
Estrogenic effects: feminization, alopecia, bone marrow suppression

Question 11

Germ Cell Tumor Types

Answer 11

Teratoma
Dysgerminoma
Seminoma

Question 12

Priapism

Answer 12

Prolonged penile swelling w/o stimulation

Question 13

Paraphimosis

Answer 13

Inability to retract penis into prepuce

Question 14

Phimosis

Answer 14

Stenosis of the preputial orifice preventing protrusion of the penis

Question 15

6 common reproductive lesions of bulls

Answer 15

Penil deviation
Infectious pustual balanoposthitis (BoHV-1)
Persistent frenulum
Penile hematoma
Preputial abscess
Fibropapilloma (bovine papilloma virus)

Question 16

Common lesions of stallions (5)

Answer 16

Priapism, Paraphimosis, Phimosis
Neoplasia (squamous cell carcinoma)
Habronemiasis (Summer sores)
Coital exanthema (EHV-3)
Urethritis

Question 17

Equine Coital Exanthema
(+ what are dDx?)

Answer 17

Equine herpesvirus 3
(dDx: SCC, haebronemiasis)
Self-limiting
Venereal transmission

Question 18

Transmissible Venereal Tumor

Answer 18

Transplant of cancer cells
Penis, vulva, nasal passages
Locally invasive

Question 19

Boar reproductive Lesions

Answer 19

Preputial diverticulitis

Question 20

Sheep Reproductive Lesions

Answer 20

Ulcerative posthitis - “pizzle rot”
Corynebacterium renale
Urolithiasis

Question 21

Seminal vesiculitis Bulls infectious agent

Answer 21

Actinomyces pyogenes

Question 22

Prostatic Diseases

Answer 22

Prostatitis
Prostatic cyst
Prostatic hyperplasia
Prostatic adenocarcinoma
Most common in dogs

Question 23

Ampullae Lesions

Answer 23

Ampullitis
Obstruction of lumen of ductus deferens (stallion)

Question 24

What is the primary issue of the accessory sex glands in rams and bulls?

Answer 24

Seminal vesiculitis = bacterial infection of seminal vesicles
Young bulls housed together (for BSEs usually) lay in feces, mount each other
Easily spread