Reproductive System in Women

Question 1

Major components of the system (4)

Answer 1

Uterus
Vagina
Clitoris
Ovaries

Question 2

Greater vestibular glands (Bartholin’s glands)

Answer 2

• pair of accessory glands
• lie posterior to the bulbs of the vestibule on each side of the vaginal opening
• located in the superficial perineal pouch
• produce secretion during sexual arose

Question 3

Ovaries (6)

Answer 3

• site of egg production (oogenesis)
• mature eggs are secreted into the peritoneal cavity and directed into the uterine tube by cilia
• they lie inferior to the pelvic inlet
• two of them, each is 3cm long
• intraperitoneal
• endocrine and exocrine functions

Question 4

Ovaries are suspended by the…

Answer 4

Mesovarium

Question 5

Uterus (6)

Answer 5

• muscular organ
• between the bladder and rectum
• consists of body and cervix
• open into the peritoneal cavity adjacent to the ovaries
• implantation occurs in the body of the uterus
• intraperitoneal

Question 6

Uterine tubes (4)

Answer 6

• enclosed within the margins of the mesosalpinx portions of the broad ligaments
• lumen of the uterine tube opens into the peritoneal cavity at the end of the infundibulum
• expands to form the ampulla, narrows to form the isthmus before joining the uterus
• intraperitoneal

Question 7

Fertilization normally occurs at the…

Answer 7

ampulla of the uterine tubes

Question 8

Mesosalpinx

Answer 8

portion of the broad ligament that stretches from the ovary to the level of the uterine tube

Question 9

Cervix

Answer 9

• inferior part of the uterus

- gutter is formed around the margin of the cervix where it joins the vaginal wall

Question 10

External os and Internal os of cervix

Answer 10

External os –> tubular central canal of the cervix opens, below, into the vaginal cavity

Internal os –> tubular central canal of the cervix opens, above, into the uterine cavity

Question 11

Anteverted and anteflexed

Answer 11

Anteverted –> cervex is angled foward in the vagina

Anteflexed –> body of uterus arches foward over the superior surface of the emptied bladder

Question 12

Angle of anteflexion and angle of anteversion

Answer 12

Anteflexion –> between axis of cervix and axis of uterine body

Anteversion –> between axis of vagina and axis of cervix

Question 13

Why is the uterus bent fowards?

Answer 13

Because of the round ligament of uterus

Question 14

Vagina (6)

Answer 14

• organ that creates a connection
• fibromuscular tube
• from the perineum through the pelvic floor and into the pelvic cavity
• related to bladder, urethra, rectum.
• opens into the vestibule of the perineum
• semen is deposited in the vaginal vault

Question 15

Vagina

-the introitus

Answer 15

external opening through which the vagina courses through the perineal membrane into the pelvic cavity, attached to the circular margin of the cervix

Question 16

Vaginal fornix

Answer 16

recess formed between the margin of the cervix and the vaginal wall. Subdivided into posterior fornix, anterior fornix and two lateral fornices

Question 17

Spermatozoa pathway (5)

Answer 17

1. Deposited in the vaginal vault
2. External os of the cervical canal
3. Uterine cavity
4. Uterine tubes
5. Ampulla

Question 18

Fascia (3)

Answer 18

• lines the pelvic walls
• surrounds the pelvic viscera
• it is a continuation of the extraperitoneal connective tissue

Question 19

Rectovaginal septum

Answer 19

Separates the posterior surface of the vagina from the rectum

Question 20

Uterus is stabilized in the pelvic cavity by… (4)

Answer 20

ligaments
perineal membrane
levator ani muscle
perineal body

Question 21

Transverse cervical and cardinal ligaments

Answer 21

extend from each side of the cervix and vaginal vault to the related pelvic wall

Question 22

Condensation of fascia forms which ligaments?

Answer 22

Uterosacral ligament
Transverse cervical ligament (no meio)
Pubocervical ligament

Question 23

Vesico- uterine and recto- uterine pouch

Answer 23

Vesico- uterine –> between bladder and uterus

Recto - uterine –> between uterus,cervix, vagina and rectum

Question 24

Recto- uterine fold

Answer 24

on each side, near the base of the recto- uterine pouch

Question 25

Broad ligament

Answer 25

• fold of peritoneum
• encloses the uterine tube and suspends the ovary
• ligament of the ovary and round ligament of the uterus are enclosed within parts of the broad ligament

Question 26

3 pars of the broad ligament

Answer 26

Mesometrium –> lateral, extends from the lateral pelvic walls to the body of the uterus

Mesosalpix –> suspends the uterine tube

Mesovarium –> attaches to the ovary

Question 27

Ligament of ovary and round ligament of uterus

Answer 27

ligament of ovary: courses in the margin of mesovarium to the uterus and continues as round ligament

Round ligament: over the pelvic inlet to the inguinal canal and continues to end in connective tissue

Question 28

Remnants of the gubernaculum

Answer 28

the ligament of the ovary and the round ligament of uterus, which attaches the gonad to the labioscrotal swelling in the embryo

Question 29

Bulbus of vestibule

Answer 29

pairs of erectile structures, at the vaginal opening, anchored to the perineal membrane

Question 30

Hymen

Answer 30

surrounds the vaginal orifice, within the vestibule

Question 31

Ducts of glands open where

• Skene’s glands
• Bartholin glands

Answer 31

• open into the vestibule

- open adjacent to the vaginal opening

Question 32

Mons pubis and Posterior commissure

Answer 32

Mons pubis: formed when the labia majora unite, overlies the pubic symphysis.

Posterior commissure: depression which separates the labia majora