Reproductive System: Lecture 1 & 2 Flashcards
(83 cards)
Both the male and female reproductive systems are cyclical.
True or False
False
Only the female reproductive system is cyclical. The male system is not.
The testes are located in the _______.
Scrotum
Where is the scrotm located
outside of the abdominopelvic cavity at the root of the penis
When the scrotum is at an external position the temperature is 3 degrees ____ than the core body temperature.
lower
The sperm producing gonads are the testes that lie within the scrotum. From the testes the sperm are delivered out of the body through a system of ducts: (4)
- the epididymis
- the ductus deferens
- the ejaculatory duct
- the urethra - which opens to the outside at the tip if the penis
The accessory sex glands which empty their secretions into the ducts during ejactulation are: (3)
- Seminal glands
- prostate
- Bulbo-urethral glands
The scrotum is divided by the midline _____, providing compartments for each testes.
septum
Viable sperm can be produced in abundance at core body temperature (37)
True or False
False
Viable sperm can not be produced in abundance 37 degrees. Which is why the scrotum sits outside of the body at a temperature 3 degrees lower.
What happens to the scrotum when it is cold?
testes are pulled closer to the abdominal wall. the skin wrinkles decreasing its surface area and increasing its thickness to recue heat loss
What are the roles of the dartos and cremaster muscles in testicular temperature regulation?
the dartos muscle is smooth muscle that wrinkles the scrotal skin
The cremaster muscle skeletal muscles and smooth muscle that arise from internal oblique and elevate the testes
The dartos muscles are a layer of smooth muscle in super fascia that _______ the scrotal skin
wrinkle
The cremaster muscle are a mixed band of skeletal and smooth muscle that are use to ______ the testes
elevate
Each testical is surrounded by ___ tunics. Name them.
2
1. tunica vaginalis - arises from the peritoneum
2. tunica albuginea – fibrous capsule
Each wedge-shaped lobule of the tunica albuginea contains 1-4 coiled tubules called
seminiferous tubules
What is the pathway that sperm take to get to the ductus (vas) deferens
Seminiferous tubules
tubulus rectus
rete testes
efferent ductules
epididymis
What is cryptorchidism?
a painless solid testicular mass
Name the tubular structure in the testes that act as sperm factories
The seminiferous tubules
Muscle activity and the pampiniform venous plexus help keep the temperature of the testes at hemostatic levels. How do they do that?
when the tempertaure is cold the associated muscle contract. When the tempertaure is high the associated muscles relax allowing the tests to hang away from the body. The paminiform venous plexus absorbs heat from the arterial blood, cooling the blood before it enters the tests
What could happen as a result of woking with laptop on your lap for longer periods of times if you are male
Fertility may be affected because the temperature inside the scrotum is increasing, and therefore, viable sperm become decreased
What are leydig cells?
interstitial cells that produce androgen (testosterone)
What are interstitial cells
cells located in the space between the functional cells of a tissue
Explain the process of an erection.
sexual excitement triggers a parasymptathetic reflex that promotes the release of nitric oxide locally. The NO relaxes the smooth muscle in the penile blood vessel wall, dialating these arterioles and the erectile bodies fill with blood
The expansion of the crop cavernosa during an erection compresses the _____ _____.
Drainage Veins
Explain the role of expansion of the corpora cavernosa during an erection
It compresses the drainage veins, slowing blood outflow and therefore maintaining engorgement
