Reproductive system (Lecture 32)

Question 1

Anatomy of Males

Answer 1

•Testes
-Produce spermatozoa (gametes)
-produce androgens (hormones)
•series of ducts
•accessory glands (3)
-seminal vesicle, prostate gland, and bulbourethral gland
-secretions added to sperm to form seman

Question 2

male anatomy

Answer 2

•supporting structures
-scrotum
•two chambered sac that contains testes
•muscles help regulate temperature
-Penis
*cold weather: dartos muscle contracts and skin becomes wrinkled reducing surface contact
**warm weather: the cremaster muscle relaxes and drops the balls
**Cremaster muscle: part of the abdominal muscle
-when it contracts it pulls scrotum closer to the body

Question 3

Descent of testes

Answer 3

•Descent

 - Pass from abdominal cavity through inguinal canal to scrotum  * *tendon, gubermaculum is a cord linking the testes to the scrotum

Question 4

Testes

Answer 4

•compartments divided by septa
-seminiferous tubules
•this is the location where sperm first develops but sperm does not mature here ( they cant swim )
•empty into EFFERENT DUCTULES
•efferent ductules empty into epidiymis
-epididymis
•site of sperm cell maturation ( they are now mobile and can swim)

Question 5

male reproductive structures of ducts

Answer 5

•ductus deferens or vas deferens
-passes from epididymis into abdominal cavity
•ejaculatory duct
-joining of ducts deferens and seminal vesicle

Question 6

male urethra

Answer 6

•urethra

 - extends from urinary bladder to distal end of penis
 - passageway for urine and make reproductive fluids

Question 7

structures of the penis

Answer 7

•three columns of erectile tissue that engorge with blood
-corpora cavernosa (2)
-corpus spongiosum (1)
•Glans Penis
-prepuce or foreskin covers
•circumcision: surgical removal

Question 8

female reproductive system

Answer 8

•female reproductive organs

-ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genital organs, mammary glands

Question 9

uterine tubes

Answer 9

•uterine or fallopian tubes or oviducts

 - open directly into peritoneal cavity to receive oocyte from ovary
 - transport oocyte or zygote from ovary to uterus

Question 10

uterus and vagina

Answer 10

•uterus
    -Parts: fundus, body and cervix
    -composed of three layers
        •perimetrium: serous membrane
        •muometrium: smooth muscle
        •endometrium: mucous membrane

Question 11

female external genitalia

Answer 11

•vulva external female genitalia
-vestibule: space
•labia minora:form boarders on sides
•clitoris: erectile structure
-corpora cavernosa
-corpora spongiosa

Question 12

points to remeber

Answer 12

•male and female reproductive systems share similarities as evidence of homology
•important functions of :
-production of gametes and sex hormones
-production of sperm (temperature-sensitive)
-receiving sperm ( semen is mixture of sperm and secretions of three accessory glands)
-providing site for development of fetus and birth