Reproductive Systems

Question 1

Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis

Answer 1

Mitosis produced two identical daughter cells for growth and repair

Meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid gametes for sexual reproduction

Question 2

Compare and contrast meiosis in males and females

Answer 2

Differs as the number and size of gamete’s produced, timing of meiosis and location of meiosis

-Males produce four equal sized sperm cells

-Female produce one large egg and three smaller polar bodies

Question 3

Describe the role of Follicle Stimulating Hormone in male reproductive physiology

Answer 3

Stimulates sperm production (spermatogenesis) by acting on sertoli cells in testes which support development and maturation of sperm cells

-Stimulates testicular function

Question 4

Describe the role of Leutenizing Hormone in male reproductive physiology

Answer 4

Stimulates leydig cells in testes to produce testosterone; essential for sperm production, development of secondary sexual characteristics

Question 5

Describe spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis

Answer 5

Spermatogenesis is process of haploid spermatozoa develop from germ cells in semiferous tubule of testicle;includes both formation of spermatids and subsequent maturation of spermatozoa through spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis:Final stage of spermatogenesis where spermatids transform into mature, motile spermatozoa

Question 6

Diagram and explain the menstrual cycle

Answer 6

Menses: Lining is shed; during follicular phase when progesterone, FSH,LH levels are low (28 days)

Proliferative Phase: Endometrium proliferates; granulosa and theca cells of tertiary follicles begin to produce increased amounts of estrogen; Stimulates building of lining; ovulation ends the phase and follicular phase

Secretory: Estrogen levels increase in uterine tube contractions; prepares lining for implantation

Question 7

Describe the role of Follicle Stimulating Hormone in female reproductive physiology

Answer 7

Regulating cycle by stimulating growth of ovarian follicles and preparing eggs for ovulation, influencing estrogen production and development of endometrium

Question 8

Describe the role of Leutenizing Hormone in female reproductive physiology

Answer 8

Stimulates ovulation, promotes formation of corpus luteum , triggers progesterone production, ovarian function, regulates cycle and hormones

Question 9

Describe oogenesis and which hormone triggers its onset and release.

Answer 9

Production of gamete’s (starts with oogonia/ ovarian stem cells