Requirements Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are requirements?
What a system must do and what characteristics it needs
Types of characteristics
- Business requirements
- User requirements
- Functional requirements
- Non-functional requirements
- System requirements
What are non-functional requirements?
characteristics the system should have. e.g. usability, maintainability or security
What are business requirements?
The overall goals of the project
What are functional requirements?
What the software should do
What are system requirements?
How the system should be built
Types of non-functional requirements
- Product requirements:
- Organisational requirements
- External requirements
What are product requirements?
Specify that the product must behave in a particular way e.g execution speed, reliability etc
What are organisational requirements
Following organisational policies and procedures
What are external requirements?
requirements that arise from factors external to the system and the development
e.g. legislative requirements
What makes a good requirement?
- Clear
- Expressed in natural language
- Measurable and testable
What is requirement engineering?
Establishing all user requirements from the start
What are the stages of requirement engineering?
- Requirement elicitation
- Requirement analysis
- Requirement documentation
- Requirement verification
What is requirement elicitation (gathering)?
Gathering data to understand the requirements for the stakeholders/customers
How can requirements elicitation be carried out?
- Questionnaires
- Interviews
- Observations
- Workshops and focus groups
- Prototyping
- etc
Pros and cons of questionnaires
Pros:
- Scalable - easy to spread to many people
- Quantitative insights
- Insights into attitudes
Cons:
- less insight into emotions and behaviours
- not much use for open-ended situations
Pros and cons of interviews
Pros:
- Flexible
- In-depth insights
- Able to understand attitudes better
Cons:
- Time consuming
- Not very scalable
- social desirability factor - less honesty
Pros and cons of observations
Pros:
- can see peoples’ actual behaviour
- Seeing activities in context
Cons:
- Time consuming
- Not good for non-work environments
- People may not behave naturally when observed
Pros and cons of workshops/focus groups
Pros:
- Get insight form multiple people
- Get insight into group norms
- generate discussion/debate
Cons:
- Social desirability factor
- can be difficult to manage/facilitate
What is requirement analysis
Checking the gathered requirements for conflicts/contradictions
What is requirement documentation
documenting requirements in a structured/understandable way
How are requirements usually structured and categorised?
- Functional and non-functional requirements
- Ranked in terms of importance
What is requirement verification and validation?
Checking the requirements with users and stakeholders and any differences in understanding
what are some challenges in requirement elicitation?
- Users may not know what they want or struggle to articulate it
- Different user/stakeholder needs
- users may not understand constraints
