research design fundamentals part 2

Question 1

Confounding variables

Answer 1

when constructs we want to define introduces another variables

Question 2

Correlation coefficient

Answer 2

the closer a variable is to 1 the stronger it is

Question 3

Curvilinear relationship

Answer 3

increase in one variable and increases and decreases in the other

Question 4

curvilinear relationship example

Answer 4

the more you listen to a song you like it, but the more u listen u get tired of it and dislike it

Question 5

Dependent variable

Answer 5

the variable that is being measured in a study

Question 6

Experimental control

Answer 6

when you treat participants the same in a study, so only dif is independent variable

Question 7

Experimental method

Answer 7

• can establish temporal precedence
• can establish covariation
  -can eliminate most alt explanations

Question 8

Field experiment

Answer 8

when you use traditional lab methods in real world settings

Question 9

Independent variable

Answer 9

the variable that is being manipulated

Question 10

Internal validity

Answer 10

an experiment that meets all 3 criteria for cause and effect

Question 11

Mediating variable

Answer 11

the way in which an independent variable impacts a dependent variable

Question 12

Negative linear relationship

Answer 12

one goes up other goes down

Question 13

negative linear relationship example

Answer 13

more consumption of alcohol leads to lower academic performance

Question 14

Non-experimental method

Answer 14

an experiment does not manipulate dependent variable

Question 15

non experimental method example

Answer 15

Is there a relationship between number of music lessons taken in childhood and the score on an intelligence test in early adulthood?

Question 16

Operational definition

Answer 16

-explaining to reader, method and instruments used to collect data
-important bc gives clarity, reduce subjectivity, ambiguity, and allows scientific community to replicate

Question 17

Participant variable

Answer 17

any characteristic of participant’s background (personality, etc) that could influence results of study

Question 18

Positive linear relationship

Answer 18

one increases and the other increases

Question 19

positive linear relationship example

Answer 19

the more hours of sleep you get, the better your academic performance

Question 20

Random assignment

Answer 20

participants randomly assigned to variables so equal chance of being in conditions

Question 21

Response variable

Answer 21

a response or behaviour you engage in

Question 22

Situational variable

Answer 22

factors of external environment that can influence situation’s outcome

Question 23

Third-variable problem

Answer 23

when correlation between 2 variables can be explained by a third variable

Question 24

third variable problem example

Answer 24

-ex. Increase in alcohol cause decrease in academic performance
-poor decision making cause increase in weekly alcohol causes decrease in academic perfomance

Question 25

Variable

Answer 25

quantity or quality that differs across people and circumstances

Question 26

confounding variable example

Answer 26

Increase in alcohol cause decrease in academic performance -ex maybe not weekly alcohol consumption but time spent socializing that decreases academic performance