Research in Nursing Practice- 28 questions Flashcards
(28 cards)
A nurse researcher tested whether sucrose (vs. sterile water) had a beneficial effect on infant pain during immunizations. Neither those administering the intervention nor the parents of the infants knew which infants received the sucrose. This strategy is an example of:
A) Randomization
B) Attrition
C) Crossing over
D) Blinding
D) Blinding
Which is a question that researchers may ask when deciding how to control cofounding variables?
A) From whom should information about the design be withheld?
B) When will the research data be collected?
C) What factors, other than the independent variable, could affect the outcome?
D) Where and how often will data collection occur?
C) What factors, other than the independent variable could affect the outcome?
Which is invariably a feature of quasi-experimental research
A) An intervention
B) A control group
C) Matching
D) Randomization
A) An intervention
If a researcher wanted to describe the relationship between women’s age and frequency of performing breast self-examination, the study would be classified as which of the following?
A) Descriptive correlational
B) Quasi-experimental
C) Longitudinal
D) Experimental
A) Descriptive correlational
Researchers collect data at a single point in time in which type of study?
A) Time-series
B) Cross-sectional
C) Longitudinal
D) Crossover
B) Cross-sectional
What is a major weakness of correlation studies?
A) They are vulnerable to self-selection bias
B) They tend to be expensive
C) They tend to be artificial
D) They are complex
A) They are vulnerable to self-selection bias
Homogeneity is a principle that can be used to control extraneous variation from participant characteristics. What does homogeneity entail?
A) Not allowing important cofounders to vary in the research sample
B) Making the treatment conditions as homogeneous as possible
C) Stratifying participants into homogeneous groups?
D) Randomly assigning
A) Not allowing important cofounders to vary in the research sample
Which is true about evidence-based practice?
A) Evidence-based guidelines are unrelated to accreditation regulations.
B) Evidence-based practice is determined only through experimental studies
C) Most nursing interventions are based on evidence-based principles
D) The use of evidence-based practice results in improved patient outcomes.
D) The use of evidence-based practice results in improved patient outcomes.
A nurse researcher is studying fear of failing in community-dwelling elders. Which might be a reasonable exclusion criterion?
A) People age 65 years or younger
B) People who live in their own homes
C) People who have periods of diziness
D) People who are married
A) People age 65 years or younger
Sampling in research may be defined as
A) insurance that each person has a chance of being included in the study
B) establishment of criteria for eligibility to participate in a study
C) identification of the population in which the researcher is interested.
D) selection of a subset of a population to represent the whole population
D) selection of a subset of a population to represent the whole population
Strata are incorporated into the design of which of the following sampling approaches?
A) Systemic
B) Purposive
C) Quota
D) Consecutive
C) Quota
Which is a consequence of having too small a sample?
A) Insufficient power to detect differences in groups being compared
B) Lack of control over cofounding variables
C) Sampling bias
D) Lack of ability to stratify the sample
A) Insufficient power to detect differences in groups being compared
A Major advantage of closed-ended questions is that they do which of the following?
A) Are easy to construct
B) Are analyzed in a straightforward manner
C) Encourage in-depth responses
D) Are not subject to response biases
B) Are analyzed in a straightforward manner
Which is not a characteristic of qualitative research design?
It involves minimum oversight once the study is under way
Once established, the research design remains consistent
Which design question is relevant in both qualitative and quantitative studies?
How often will data be collected?
Which method facilitates bracketing?
Maintaining reflexive journal
Which procedure do grounded theory researchers use to develop and refine theoretically relevant categories?
Constant comparison
Which qualitative tradition would be the foundation for the following questions? “What social processes do women use to maintain balance through transition?”
Ethnography
Which of the following is NOT an essential characteristic of a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT)?
A) The subjects are randomly assigned to groups
B) The trial design incorporates a control group
C) The trial is double-blind
D) The experimenter manipulates the independent variable
C) The trial is double-blind
A researcher collected stories about how 16 suicide survivors felt when they learned their suicide attempts had failed. What type of qualitative study… (missing rest of question?)
A narrative analysis
In thinking about sampling for a qualitative study, a researcher may ask what question?
?
A qualitative researcher studied womens decision to delay childbearing until their 30’s, initial study participants referred friends (…sentence missing). What type of sample is being used with such referrals?
Snowball
The ______ is the point above which and below which 50% of the cases fall
Mean
Which is a key criterion for being included in a sample for a phenomenological study?
The person must have experienced the phenomenon being studied
