Research Methods Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is a random sample?
A subset of individuals chosen from a larger population, where each individual has an equal chance of being selected.
What is a representative sample?
A subset that accurately reflects the characteristics of the larger population.
What is convenience sampling?
A non-probability sampling method where participants are selected based on their easy availability.
What is a case study?
An in-depth analysis of a single individual, group, or event.
What is meta-analysis?
A statistical technique that combines the results of multiple studies to identify overall trends.
What is an experiment?
A research method where the researcher manipulates one variable to determine its effect on another variable.
What is correlation?
A statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together.
What is an independent variable?
The variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment.
What is a dependent variable?
The variable that is measured in an experiment to assess the effect of the independent variable.
What is an operational definition?
A clear and precise definition of a variable that allows it to be measured.
What is random assignment?
The process of randomly assigning participants to different groups in an experiment.
What is informed consent?
The process of obtaining agreement from participants after providing them with all relevant information.
What is protection from harm and discomfort?
An ethical principle that ensures participants are not exposed to undue risks during research.
What is confidentiality?
The ethical principle that ensures participants’ information is kept private.
What is debriefing?
The process of informing participants about the study’s purpose and methods after it has concluded.
What is deception in research?
The act of misleading participants about the true nature of a study, used only when necessary.
What is the psycho-dynamic perspective?
A psychological approach that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.
What is the biological perspective?
A psychological approach that focuses on the physiological and genetic influences on behavior.
What is the evolutionary perspective?
A psychological approach that examines how behavior is influenced by evolutionary processes.
What is the cognitive perspective?
A psychological approach that focuses on mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.
What is the humanistic perspective?
A psychological approach that emphasizes personal growth and the concept of self-actualization.
What is the behavioral perspective?
A psychological approach that studies observable behavior and the effects of learning.
What is the sociocultural perspective?
A psychological approach that examines how social and cultural factors influence behavior.
