research methods

Question 1

what is primary data

Answer 1

Data that the researcher has obtained by themselves

Question 2

What is secondary data

Answer 2

Secondary data is data that the researcher has obtained from another source

Question 3

What is qualitative data

Answer 3

Qualitative data is data based on the thoughts an opinions of an interviewee/participant

Question 4

what is quantitative data

Answer 4

quantitative data is data that is based on numeric data and facts

Question 5

what is an interpretivist and what do they favour

Answer 5

An interpretvist is a type of researcger that values the data based on someones thgoughts and feelings on a partiular topic. they favour
qualitative data.

Question 6

What is a positivist and what do they favour

Answer 6

A positivist is a type of researcher that favours proven facts and numeric data thta can be analysed. they favour quantitative data.

Question 7

What is micro data

Answer 7

Data that takes into account society on a small scale.

Question 8

what is macro data

Answer 8

data that takes into account society on a larger scale.

Question 9

overt meaning

Answer 9

where the researcher reveals their identity

Question 10

covert meaning

Answer 10

where the researcher goes undercover during an observation.

Question 11

What is triangulation

Answer 11

Refers to two or more methods being used in a research

Question 12

what is the hawrthorne effect

Answer 12

Where individuals change the aspects of their behaviour when they know they are being reserached

Question 13

what is a pilot study

Answer 13

a small scale run of a study bto find any errors

Question 14

What is a overt participant observation

Answer 14

Where the reseracher tells participants their intentions, whilst participating with the activites

Question 15

what is covert participant observation

Answer 15

where the researcher hides their identity from participants, whilst participoating in the activites

Question 16

What could be some practical issues that arise from different methods

Answer 16

Requirement of funding bodies
Time and money
subject matter

Question 17

what could be some ethical issues that arise from different methods

Answer 17

informed consent
vulnerable groups
covert research- deception

Question 18

What could be some theoretical issues that arise from different methods

Answer 18

Validity
reliability
representativeness

Question 19

advantages of surveys

Answer 19

consent is gained
is not time consuming to do

Question 20

Disadvantages of surveys

Answer 20

Low response rate=non- representative
not enough validity

Question 21

advantages of documents

Answer 21

Readily available
cheap
no consent required

Question 22

disadvantages of documents

Answer 22

access can be difficult
personal documents may be unreliable

Question 23

Advantages of interviews

Answer 23

high response rate
quick to complete
consent gained

Question 24

disadvantages of interviews

Answer 24

time consuming to transcribe data
interviewer effect- may lie due to guilt or showing off

Question 25

advantages of un-structured interviews

Answer 25

Can explore ideas the researcher may not have considered high in validity

Question 26

disadvantages of un-structured interviews

Answer 26

no structure, it may take a long time small sample size- low representativeness

Question 27

advantages of field experiments

Answer 27

You can see how people act in their normal envirnments no hawrthorne effect

Question 28

disadvantages of field experiments

Answer 28

lack of consent small sample size hard to get access

Question 29

advantages of labatory experiments

Answer 29

can establish the causes and effects can be repeated easily objective

Question 30

disadvantages of labatory experiments

Answer 30

low on validiy hawrthorne effect

Question 31

advantages of case studies

Answer 31

provides detail and insight to a particular group qualitative data so it is rich in depth

Question 32

disadvantages of case studies

Answer 32

non representative findings cannot be generalized accessing participants may be difficult

Question 33

what is a longitudinal study and what are its advantages?

Answer 33

A type of resaerch that involves following the same sample or group over an extented period of time. reliable

Question 34

disadvantages of longitudinal research

Answer 34

very costly and time consuming change in reseracher interest may affect the validity of the research.

Question 35

advantages of official statstics

Answer 35

cheap easy access reliable

Question 36

disadvantages of official statistics

Answer 36

lacks validity can be political bias