Research Methods

Question 0

What is manipulated in a lab experiement?

Answer 0

Manipulates the independent variable

Question 1

what is a labatory experiment?

Answer 1

Strict control of variables in a controlled enviroment.

Question 2

What happens in a quasi/natural experiement?

Answer 2

The IV is naturally occuring

Question 3

What does the researcher record in a natural experiment?

Answer 3

Researcher records the effects on the dependent variable

Question 4

3 advantages of lab experiments

Answer 4

Replication - reliabilty

Objective - scientific method

Control

Question 5

3 weaknesses of lab experiments

Answer 5

Lack or validity

Ecological validity

Demand characteristics

Question 6

Key features of correlational study

Answer 6

No manipulation of variables

No IV or DV

There is an association between variables

Cannot infer cause or effect

Question 7

Disadvantages of observation

Answer 7

Very little control

Cause and effect impossible

Reliability

Replicability

Question 8

Weaknesses of observation

Answer 8

Replication

Observer effects

Cost

Generalisation

Question 9

What is a correlation?

Answer 9

Measure of the relationship between two variables

Question 10

Where does a field experiment take place?

Answer 10

Subjects own natural enviroment

Question 11

What is manipulated in a field experiement?

Answer 11

The independent variable

Question 12

What are the advantages and disadvantages of unstructured interviews?

Answer 12

+ less rigid

+ start with one or two broad questions

• more difficult
• allows too much flexibility

Question 13

What are the advantages and disadvantages of structured interviews?

Answer 13

+ less likely to deviate

+ data analysis may be easier

+ easier to generalise

• takes training
• interviewer bias

Question 14

What are the 2 types of interviews?

Answer 14

Structured and semi structured

Question 15

Weaknesses of questionnaires

Answer 15

Leading questions

Social desirability bias

Time and effort

Response rates

Wording

Question 16

What are interviews?

Answer 16

Spoken questionnaires

Question 17

What do interviews allow?

Answer 17

Allow observation of body language and developed ideas

Question 18

Advantages of questionnaires

Answer 18

Simplicity

Speed

Cost

Question 19

Are qualitative questions open or closed?

Answer 19

Open

Question 20

What is the likert scale?

Answer 20

A rating.

Eg.

Very poor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 very good

Question 21

Are quantitative questions open or closed

Answer 21

Closed

Question 22

What does a survey consist of?

Answer 22

Highly structured questions with a clear focus

Question 23

Advantages of a field experiement

Answer 23

Low demand characteristics

High ecological validity

Question 24

What are the main two types of self report?

Answer 24

1) questionnaires and surveys | 2) interviews

Question 25

Strengths of observation

Answer 25

High ecological validity Useful in generating hypotheses Realistic Low chance of demand characteristics

Question 26

Weaknesses of natural experiments

Answer 26

No control (confounding variables) P's may be aware they are being studied

Question 27

What is observation?

Answer 27

Observing behaviour in real-life situations WITHOUT manipulating the IV

Question 28

Advantages of natural experiments

Answer 28

Reduced chance of demand charactersistics Lack of direct intervention

Question 29

Weaknesses of field experiments

Answer 29

Cost use of equipment Difficult to replicate Hard to generalise