Resource Security Key Concepts

Question 1

EIA

Answer 1

Environmental Impact Assessment - Tool used to assess the potential impacts of a project or development proposal

Question 2

McKelvey Box

Answer 2

Difference Between Resources and Reserves -Box showing undiscovered and discovered resources and the percent of these that are usable reserves - Impacted by: Geology, Access and Economy

Question 3

Types of Resources/Reserves

Answer 3

Possible - Resources that are potentially there based on limited knowledge/estimates
Inferred - Resources that are thought to be there but not proven to be there
Indicated - Reserves that are probable, most likely there but with less thorough measurement
Measured - Reserves that are definitely there with detailed measured quantity, knowledge and understanding

Question 4

Resource Peak

Answer 4

The point at which the quantity of specific resource has reached its maximum efficiency/usage/exploitation rate - Production forced to decrease

Question 5

Resource Frontier

Answer 5

A newly discovered area to have accessible usable resources

Question 6

Water Demand>Supply = ?

Answer 6

Water Stress

Question 7

Factors Impacting Water Availabilty

Answer 7

Drainage, Climate, Geology

Question 8

How to increase water supply?

Answer 8

Desalination (Israel/Namibia)
Water Storage (Aswan Dam)
Diversion + Transfer (China)
+ Blackwater (Namibia)

Question 9

How to reduce water demand?

Answer 9

Laws, eg: Limitations, Hose Pipe Bans etc (Capetown Local Example)
Household Water Metres - Track usage (UK National Example)
Spanish Strawberry’s (??)

Question 10

Water Conflicts

Answer 10

Chilean Avocados
Israel Vs Palestine
Ethiopia
Egypt

Question 11

Water Future Sustainability?

Answer 11

Namibia (seems to be main goal for a sustainable future, despite controversy - Blackwater)

Question 12

Energy Mix

Answer 12

The energy available/accessible/usable specific to each country

Question 13

Impacts on Energy Mix

Answer 13

• Physical Geography and Geology, eg: Iceland volcanoes
• Geopolitics
• Components of Demand - Energy Rich Vs Energy Poor
• Where do we get energy? - TNCs Vs Governments (Tar Sands Pipelines)
• Environmental Problems (Tar Sands) - Deforestation, Water Contamination, CO2 Generation/Release, Nuclear Waste, Acid Rain - (Uk - Greendeal, Angel Square, Boris Bikes)

Question 14

Energy Demand VS Supply

Answer 14

Renewables Vs Nuclear Vs Fossil Fuels - China and UK

Question 15

Mineral Security - Copper (Factors Impacting)

Answer 15

Where? - Physical Geography, Tectonics, Geology
End Uses?
Components of Demand?
Role of Copper in Industry/Commerce?
+ Geopolitics

Question 16

Copper’s Environmental Issues

Answer 16

Ref
Lumwana Mine
+
Grasberg Mine