resp histology Flashcards
section (40 cards)
Openings in the inter-alveolar septa allow circulation of air from one alveolus to another. These
openings are referred to as
Alveolar pores
Gasses must diffuse through which of the following layers in the thinnest air-blood barrier?
Surfactant, Type I pneumocyte, fused basal lamina, capillary endothelial cell
Which type of cell lines most of the surface of the alveoli and comprises a portion of the air-blood
barrier?
Type I pneumocytes
Surfactant is secreted by which type of cell in the respiratory alveoli?
Type II pneumocytes
Which one of the following cells secretes surface active agents in the respiratory bronchioles?
Clara cells
Air flow may be greatly reduced by what action within the smaller bronchioles?
Decrease of luminal diameter of the bronchiole by smooth muscle contraction
A patient undergoes surgical resection of a bronchopulmonary segment. Which one of the following
best describes a bronchopulmonary segment?
A tertiary bronchus and the lung parenchyma which it supplies
The tracheal cartilage rings may be partially replaced by another tissue during the aging process.
Which one of the following tissues may, in part, replace the hyaline cartilage of the tracheal cartilage
rings?
Bone
The epithelium covering the surface of the lung, which also is known as the visceral pleura, is best
described as
Simple squamous
The larger blood vessels that supply the layers of the tracheal wall are located in the:
Adventitia
What is the primary function of the “false vocal cords” or ventricular folds of the larynx and the
laryngeal ventricles?
Creation of sound resonance
The vocal cords are comprised of
Skeletal muscle core and a ligament covered by stratified squamous
epithelium
The structure that serves as a passageway for air and food and provides a resonating chamber for
speech is the
Pharynx
Which one of the following cell types serves as stem cells for replacement of the tracheal respiratory
epithelium?
Basal cells
General sensation to the respiratory epithelium in the trachea is subserved by which cell?
Brush cells
The epithelium covering the surface of the larynx, except for the vocal cords, is
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
The epithelium covering the luminal surface of the vocal cords is
Stratified squamous epithelium
General sensation is provided to olfactory epithelium through terminal branches of the trigeminal nerve
(cranial nerve V) that synapses on which cells?
Brush cells
The olfactory epithelium resembles the respiratory epithelium but lacks which one of the following cell
types?
Goblet cells
A patient presented having had a short-lasting accidental exposure to concentrated ammonia gas a
day earlier. He complained of loss of the sense of smell. He had not inhaled the gas beyond the nasal
cavity, but a biopsy revealed extensive damage to the olfactory cells and nearly complete loss of the
apical cilia. Some of the other cells remained, however, including the basal cells. Approximately how
long will it be before some olfaction returns?
1 month
Which one of the following features of the respiratory system is considered to be a part of the
“conducting” portion?
Terminal bronchioles
Which one of the following features of the respiratory system is considered to be the initial part of the
“respiratory” portion?
Respiratory bronchioles
The trachea possesses which one of the following components?
A thick basement membrane underlying its epithelium
Swell bodies
Are the large venous plexus within the lamina propria of the nasal conchae
