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Flashcards in Resp Long Answer Deck (14)
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1
Q

What is the clinical term for coughing up blood?

A

haemoptysis

2
Q

A 62 year old male smoker has coughed up blood 4 times during the past month. His appetite has been poor and he has lost 1 stone during this period.

Diagnosis?

A

Lung Cancer

3
Q

Clinical signs of lung cancer in the hands

A

finger clubbing

4
Q

clinical signs of lung cancer palpating the abdomen

A

hepatomegaly

5
Q

clinical signs of lung cancer examining his neck

A

lymphadenopathy

SVC obstruction

tracheal deviation

6
Q

Lung cancer

give two imagines techniques you would use to define the extent of the. lesion

A

CXR

CT scan

MRI scan

7
Q

Lung cancer

apart from imaging - what investigations would you do

A

biopsy (percutaneous or bronchoscope)

bronchoscopy

8
Q

4 main histological types of lung cancer

A

small cell
large undifferentiated cell
squamous
adenocarcinoma

9
Q

4 organs lung cancer usually spreads to

A

lymph nodes

adrenal gland

lung

liver

brain

bone

10
Q

An 18 year old student present to his GP with a three day history of pleuritic chest pain, a productive cough, increasing SOB, fever and anorexia

give 6 possible clinical signs of lower lobe pneumonia / consolidation

A

tachypnoea

tachycardia

fever

cyanosis

reduced expansion of left chest

dullness to percussion at left base

bronchial breathing at left base

crackles

increased vocal resonance

11
Q

3 micro-organisms which may cause pneumonia

A

chlyamydia psittacosis

strep pneumoniae

mycoplasma pneumoniae

staph aureus

haemophilus influenza

12
Q

Investigations for pneumonia patient

A

CXR

sputum for culture

FBC

blood culture

serology

mycoplasma IgM

legionella urinary antigen

pneumococcal urinary antigen

13
Q

two classes of antibiotics that could treat the pneumonia before a bacterial infection?

A

beta-lactams

macrolides

14
Q

on admission the pneumonia man has..

temp - 38 
Resp Rate - 20bpm
BP 98/60mmHg
HR 120 bpm
Oxygen Saturation 90%

what measures (not antibiotics)

A

supplementary oxygen

analgesia

IV fluids

Anti-pyretics