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Yr1 - S2 - Formatives > Yet more cardio class stuff lol > Flashcards

Yet more cardio class stuff lol Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

The QT interval is too long if it is more than

A

0.42 seconds

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2
Q

preload

A

initial stretching of cardiomyocytes before contraction

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3
Q

CO =

A

HR x SV

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4
Q

after load

A

load against which the muscles tries to contract

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5
Q

increase in TPR then an increase in aortic pressure leads to ventricle having to work harder to open aortic valve so less energy so SV

A

decreases

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6
Q

Vessels/ Veins (capacitance vessels) effect

A

preload

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7
Q

resistance vessels (arterioles) effect

A

afterload

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8
Q

the fast depolarising stage of cardiac AP is due to

A

an increase in Na+

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9
Q

resting membrane potential is set buy

A

leaky potassium channels

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10
Q

depolarisation is due to the opening of

A

K+ leaky channels

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11
Q

plateau phase is due to

A

calcium

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12
Q

contractility is the effect of the sympathetic system

A

releasing noradrenaline which increase calcium available for EC coupling

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13
Q

Beta 1 adrenoreceptors

A

increase HR and increase Contractility

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14
Q

Valsalva manœuvre will

A

increase vagal tone

parasympathetic

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15
Q

MAP +

A

CO x TPR

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16
Q

Blood clot is

A

fibrin clot + platelet plug

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17
Q

prostacylcins and NO will

A

reduce platelet aggregation

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18
Q

heparin

A

inactivates thrombin

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19
Q

fibrinogen to fibrin transformed by

A

thrombin

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20
Q

Noradrenaline acting on alpha 1 receptors will

A

reduce flow

increase TPR

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21
Q

Angiotensin II released in response to

A

low blood volume

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22
Q

Angiotensin II leads to

A

arteriolar constriction

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23
Q

ADH is released in response to

A

low blood volume

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24
Q

ADH release causes

A

arteriolar constriction

so increased TPR

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25
atrial niuretic peptide is released in response to
high blood volume
26
atrial niuretic peptide release causes
arteriolar dilation
27
an increase in hydrostatic pressure (standing up) will...
reduce SV EDV VR Preload MAP
28
Reflex response ill...
increase sympathetic tone decrease vagal tone
29
an increase in sympathetic tone will
increase HR, CO, SV, contractility
30
Long term BP is controlled by what 4 things?
aldosterone angiotensin II atrial niuretic peptide vasopressin (ADH)
31
an increase in thoracic pressure will decrease
VR EDV SV CO MAP
32
Baroreceptors are
sensors located on blood vessels that detect changes in BP
33
Aortic arch 1
nothing maxillary artery
34
aortic arch 2
nothin maxillary artery
35
aortic arch 3
internal carotid
36
aortic arch 4
aortic arch
37
aortic arch 5
nothing
38
aortic arch 6
pulmonary arteries
39
angiotensin II stimulates the release of ...... and .......
aldosterone ADH
40
ADH is produced in response to
low blood volume
41
ADH is produced in the
hypothalamus
42
ANP is released in response to .... and .....
increase blood volume increased distension of atrium
43
ANP inhibits....
renin release
44
Anticoagulants 2 main drugs
heparin warfarin
45
low molecular weight heparin is often used in
venous thromboembolism
46
Beta blockers work by
antagonising the sympathetic system
47
beat blockers example
propranolol
48
beta blockers are often used in
angina hypertension post MI
49
be careful when using beta blockers in
asthma heart block
50
ACE inhibitors are often used in
hypertension heart failure post MI
51
Loop diuretics are used to treat
heart failure
52
Thiazide like diuretics are used to treat
IHD hypertension heart failure
53
Vasodilators example
nitrates
54
vasodilators (such as nitrates) are used in
IHD hypertension heart failure
55
Statins work by reducing
LDL cholesterol
56
Statins example
simvastatin
57
Sodium channel blockers are also known as
anti-arrhythmias
58
anti platelets are given following an
MI or stroke
59
anti platelets examples (2)
aspirin clopidogrel
60
Calcium antagonists treat
hypertension and angina

Yr1 - S2 - Formatives (6 decks)

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